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First, organic fertilizer-based, fertilizer-assisted organic fertilizer contains all kinds of nutrients needed for wheat growth and development, long-term fertilizer effect, and is conducive to improving soil structure and fertility. In the case of insufficient organic fertilizer, it can be supplemented by measures to return the straw.
2. Combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers The reasonable proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are different depending on the wheat yield level and soil nutrient content. Generally, the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in wheat fields with a yield of less than 300 kg per mu is 1:1; the ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus in wheat fields with an output of 300-500 kg per mu is 1:0.25 to 1. : 0.5 is appropriate. For soils deficient in potassium (the soil available potassium content in the tillage layer is less than 70×10-6), potassium fertilizer should be added, and the ratio of nitrogen to potassium should be 1:1. The specific ratio and quantity can be determined by combining the values ​​given by the local soil testing formula. In addition, the organic fertilizer should be used as the base fertilizer, and it is randomly ploughed into the plough layer. Phosphate fertilizer can be used before sowing to increase the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer.
Third, pay attention to the application of micro-fertilizer The application of micro-fertilizer is mainly based on bottom fertilizer, supplemented by top dressing, seed dressing and foliar spray, etc., should follow the principle of heavy application of base fertilizer, skillful application of top dressing, and reasonable adjustment.
Fourth, the specific fertilization method (a) the base fertilizer. "Mai Xi is rich in the tires, and the base fertilizer is the foundation." Before the land preparation, the farmer's fertilizer is generally 1000-1500 kg per mu, and 30% to 50% of the nitrogen fertilizer, all the phosphate fertilizer and 50% to 100% of the potassium fertilizer are applied. Medium and high-yield wheat fields generally have 10 to 15 kg of urea per acre, 15 to 20 kg of diammonium phosphate, and 20 to 30 kg of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate. A bag of NPK ternary compound fertilizer (50 kg) can also be applied. It is best to apply the gully when applying, and turn it deep in time. It can also be spread evenly on the surface before arable land, and then ploughed into the soil. (2) Topdressing. Topdressing is generally carried out during the jointing stage of wheat, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied accounts for 50% to 70% of the total fertilization amount. According to the seedlings, the fertilizer should be applied to the seedlings in the wheat seedlings to prevent the wheat from growing up, causing the wheat to grow and reduce the yield. For the weak crops, the wheat should be topdressed early, and the carbon per mu should be 20-30 kg or urea 7-10 kg. After the deep ditch is applied, the soil should not be applied to prevent evaporation. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should not be supplemented by top dressing, but the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be as early as possible to the returning stage. It is best to use compound fertilizer, which can be applied in series or at a depth of 7 to 10 cm. When the soil moisture is insufficient, it should be watered in time after topdressing. When the root absorption capacity is poor in the late growth stage of wheat, the foliar topdressing is more direct and effective, and it can effectively prevent the dry hot wind hazard. It can be used as a foliar fertilizer, such as urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, micro-fertilizer, etc., at a concentration of 0.5% to 2%.
The principle of fertilization in irrigated wheat: mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizer, combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and pay attention to the application of micro-fertilizer.
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