Over the years, China's fire protection training has long been at the lowest level of social training. Fire annual publicity is limited to "119 Fire Awareness Day" before and after a week, going through the motions in the form of training, has been stuck in the "stall stall", "flyers" and "primitive society" stage no technical content. Fire safety training for social units is even more a trend than ever. No matter whether it is personnel in the system or lecturers in social training institutions, the former can only concentrate on completing tasks, while the latter can only sell high-price fire fighting equipment in order to survive. In the main, both are forced by reality, and the fire protection safety training targeted at this site is rarely used as the starting point for fire safety in society. After many years of fire supervision practice and under the guidance and encouragement of the unit leaders, the author has summarized a set of social unit firefighting training courseware and training guidance manual, and hopes to discuss with you peers, to facilitate comprehensively improve the level of social fire prevention training. I. Introduction of Publicity and Training Service Team In order to raise the level of fire safety management in social units and strive to build fire safety “firewalls†in crowded places, it is based on the “Regulations on Fire Safety Management of Organs, Groups, Enterprises, and Institutions†( No. 61 Order of the Ministry of Public Security ) and the “Regulations on Social Fire Safety Education and Trainingâ€. ( Order No. 109 of the Ministry of Public Security ) requires that the detachment training base be responsible for the establishment of an advocacy and training service team that is targeted at key social units and personnel-intensive locations and that conducts "precise" firefighting training. The fire safety training conducted by this team is no longer an ordinary courseware “flying†training. It is based on the actual situation of the site and analyzes the fire management of the site, the fire hazard, the way of smoke propagation, and the use and configuration of fire fighting facilities. After the fire occurred in the place, how to deal with the fire prevention and control elements of the police and other aspects, carefully crafted PPT courseware (each unit separately produced a courseware), and then conduct targeted training for the site. Second, the training method (a) Fire safety inspection before training. One week before the training, the publicity and training service team first went to the training site to take pictures, and conducted fire safety inspection together with the person in charge of the site or the manager. We will focus on inspections of key areas that are prone to fire hazards, the operation of fire-fighting facilities, the level of personnel of fire-fighting control rooms, and the knowledge of fire-fighting knowledge of general workers. For the serious fire hazards that occurred during the on-site inspection, the training service team ordered the person in charge of the site to take the initiative to rectify the situation, and informed the fire brigade in the area to conduct a comprehensive inspection and supervise the rectification of the site. For general fire hazards, the training service team puts forward requirements and suggestions for site owners to make them aware of the consequences of fire violations from the legal level. Through understanding and questioning the fire safety knowledge of employees (by spot-checking 5-15 people), what happened after a fire, and further grasping the various fire hazards and fire conditions at the site, and laying a solid foundation for providing targeted training. Make necessary inspections and photographs for the following firefighting facilities, key locations and related personnel: 1. Fire alarm and linkage controller's running status, maintenance and duty status. It is necessary to conduct live and standby power switch test of the fire automatic alarm device on site and require the on-duty personnel to demonstrate the hand of the fire alarm system host and the automatic switching method (oral plus hand), and dictate how to deal with the police after a fire occurs. 2, fire pump room inspection and control cabinet, power distribution room, generator room examination (in the case of conditions, the alarm can be tested wet alarm valve, and while checking the situation roof tank and water pool). A: Check if the running status of the pump control cabinet is normal (the fire pump control cabinet is switched to the manual status and unattended operation is an illegal act). B: Switching mode of main and backup power in the switch room (due to the different design methods, the power distribution system in the old building may use manual switch mode) C : generator set working state (manual state, in the case of fire need to send people to switch to automatic state) D : Indoor fire hydrant system and manual alarm button (when encountering the places where the start pump button and the manual alarm button are installed together, the difference between the two should be understood during training. The indoor fire hydrant and the end water test device must check whether the water pressure meets the standard.) E: Check other special firefighting systems. Such as gas fire extinguishing systems, training to be clear about the three types of starting methods of gas fire extinguishing systems, and explain the time and under what conditions to use that method, it is best to contact maintenance personnel to train relevant personnel. F : Check other important parts. Mainly inspect micro-fire stations, corridors, stairwells, warehouses, basements, offices, bedrooms, smoke prevention facilities, elevators, and various types of pipeline wells. G : The main photo (recording video) part of the examination. ( 1 ) The exterior of the building where the place is located: as far as possible, the overall body of the building shall be photographed, and the relatively large complex shall photograph the important elevation. ( 2 ) Fire-fighting ascending face and fire-fighting rescue site: take a picture after observing at the scene. ( 3 ) Important firefighting facilities: 1 ) Fire control room, micro-fire station, fire alarm (linkage) controller host (integral and details), smoke detector probe, automatic sprinkler system nozzle. 2 ) Diesel generator room, fire and power supply and distribution facilities. 3 ) Anti-exhaust fan room, all kinds of anti-exhaust smoke facilities (positive pressure air outlet, smoke outlet, smoke barrier, etc.). 4 ) Fire-fighting water pump room, wet alarm valve room, water tank, roof water tank, electronic control of water pump and patrol inspection cabinet. 5 ) Fire shutter, fire shutter manual field control device. 6 ) Fire doors (closed and open), smoke prevention front room. 7 ) Indoor and outdoor hydrant systems. 8 ) Manual alarm button and sound and light alarm, fire radio system. 9 ) Emergency lighting and evacuation signs. 10 ) Fire elevators and ordinary elevators. 11 ) Other firefighting facilities. ( 4 ) Special important parts: 1 ) Warehouse. 2 ) Rooms, KTV rooms, shopping mall halls (buildings), and other special important parts such as flammable and explosive materials. 3 ) Atrium. 4 ) Kitchen. 5 ) stairwells, stairways, elevator shafts, elevator front rooms, pipeline wells, 6 ) Power control box. 7 ) Walkway. 8 ) Natural and mechanical smoke control windows. 9 ) Basement charging section. 10) other important parts. Camera requirements: 1 , to reflect the relationship between the overall and details. 2 , one overall and one detail. (b) Making PPT courseware and editing video. After the site has been inspected and photographed, the training staff will train the site's fire-fighting facilities and photos and videos of the key sites according to their needs, and make courseware. Each course (enterprise) will be trained to make a courseware. If this site or enterprise needs to be trained again, Facilities have not changed, you can use existing courseware, but you should go to the scene to ask people for fire fighting knowledge, adjust some courseware content. If the facilities and personnel of the place are completely changed, the building needs to be checked and photographed again. The courseware is generally produced one week ahead of schedule, and training is conducted the next week. At present, training venues based on this method basically train two venues at most one week. Of course, small sites, photographing and inspections and the production of courseware content should be appropriately reduced, and specific issues must be specifically analyzed, but the training model must be consistent. The main contents of the courseware should be combined with case studies of relevant sites or similar types of fires in recent years, and the key research content should be made on how to deal with the fire safety hidden dangers (emphasis and fire protection facilities) found before the training and how to deal with fires on the fire scene. For ultra-high-volume, high-risk sites, even FDS fire simulation software can be used to simulate the fire risk of buildings after fire analysis. According to the different situations of the venue, the five main contents of the training were summed up, including fire safety knowledge, the fire risk of this place, the fire in this place, family fire prevention (for survival), and the legal responsibility for the fire in this area. The training time is about 1.5 hours (excluding micro fire stations and security personnel drill time). Through vivid live pictures and videos, the parties are allowed to clearly understand their duties, tasks, and operational procedures in the fire treatment after a fire. Understand what can be done in the fire, what can not be done, seize the most critical fire factors, recognize the danger of fire from their own consciousness, and focus on how to deal with the initial fire. In the course of producing training courseware and organizing training texts, please grasp the following points: 1. Common knowledge of fire prevention, popularize the basic knowledge of fire classification. 2. In the fire risk of this place, what are the fire hazards in the key parts and what causes fire? What happened to this key part after a fire occurred? Are all fire-fighting facilities and fire-fighting facilities in this site intact and effective? How to use the facilities, what kind of consequences would occur if there were no such firefighting facilities, and what kind of consequences were there. What is the route of flue gas spread, what kind of characteristics of flue gas in the fire field, and how to deal with various kinds of flue gas. 3. In response to the fire in this place, it shows how a party who finds a fire deals with the process of the initial fire, and how the alarm, fire extinguishing and evacuation are performed at the same time; how the micro fire station personnel cooperate, and how the control room staff starts the corresponding fire fighting facilities and the police Order and so on. 4. In family fire prevention, family fire prevention focuses on daily fire prevention management, and how to survive after a fire. (It is forbidden to sell fire-fighting products during class hours). 5. In the case of a legal liability for the fire after the fire in this place, for different training audiences, explain what kind of legal liability should be assumed after the fire. In combination with the Fire Protection Law and the Fire Protection Regulations, even the recently introduced "Implementation Measures for the Fire Safety Responsibility System" will be fully integrated so that trainees can think of their responsibilities as "fighting and trembling." (c), lectures and hands-on operations After all courseware and teaching equipment are ready, there are several key elements to be grasped in the formal lecture. 1. The specification and scientific terminology should be accurate, and the fire case or experimental conclusion must have a basis and provenance. It is forbidden to cite information without scientific basis and conclusions, escape self-rescue, and prevent and extinguish fires. 2. Training speeches should be lively and lively, humorous, and try not to follow the script. In the process of propaganda, important knowledge points should be combined with cases. The material should mainly focus on local or close to real fire cases, and analyze the key factors in the fire. 3 , the combination of physical training is ideal. To use physical teaching, display fire detectors, sprinkler heads, manual alarm buttons, fire extinguishers and other commonly used fire-fighting equipment. For floor security personnel, control room personnel, and micro fire station personnel to be individually focused on training, it is necessary to simulate the actual operation content of each personnel's handling procedures after the fire, and how to use various types of fire extinguishing equipment. 4. During the actual hands-on operation, video equipment should be used to record the personnel's drill process. Analyze whether the personnel's police behavior complies with the fire scene requirements. In addition, video clips can be used. For the drill action standards, the correct unit can be used as a teaching film. The material. Third, other issues involved. Social units really support the issue of firefighting training. They are supported by actual actions. However, in fact, fire hazards are derailed by their own way and their effectiveness is greatly reduced. There are also individual units that simply reject training. One or more firefighting classes may not necessarily solve all fire problems. Only the trained personnel sit there and listen to lectures. Even if they are appropriate courseware and lively speeches, people still sleep. Therefore, in fact, knowledge of books is very easy to forget. However, the skills of people are difficult to forget in general. When we talk about firefighting lectures, we try to let listeners operate the fire-fighting equipment. It is the best training for security personnel and micro-fire fighting. Team members, control room attendants, electricians, etc. can only participate in the fire extinguishing process of the simulated organization, and it is possible to control the fire damage within an acceptable range. Otherwise, after a real fire, in addition to our training work becoming a failure case. It may also be another real tragedy. The summary and the above contents are all realistic issues that need to be solved before our firefighting training workers. As a training worker, we must continue to innovate teaching content on the basis of seeking truth from facts, continue to learn business knowledge, and absorb advanced foreign fire protection concepts and teaching methods so as to comprehensively improve the general public’s fire safety level as the ultimate goal. Preventing a fire will turn it into a dilapidated situation. The author of the article is the propaganda and training service team of the Public Security Fire Brigade in Suining City, Sichuan Province. 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