A large chemical accident often requires the use of a large number of rescue workers and rescue equipment; a good chemical accident emergency rescue center, or a chemical company hospital or chemical industry defense institute (or institute ) , should also have a corresponding emergency response to chemical accidents. Equipment and equipment. In general, on-site emergency aids for chemical accidents require the following four types of equipment and equipment. 1 First aid equipment and medicines; 2 protective equipment; 3 emergency vehicles; 4 First aid communication tools. First, emergency equipment and drugs 1. General emergency equipment Sound amplification microphones, lighting tools, tents , rain gear, safety zone signs, emergency medical spots and wind direction signs, classification marks for injury detection, stretchers, etc. 2. Routine and special emergency equipment Surgical beds and anesthesia supplies, oxygen, portable aspirator, nebulizer, respiratory balloon or ventilator, mouth-to-mouth breathing tube, cardiac squeezing pump, endotracheal tube, laryngoscope, various puncture needles, intravenous catheters, stomach tubes , Catheters, Cysticotomy, Vein Closure, Aortic Reduction Packages, Closed Thoracic Drainage Devices, Various Types of Syringes, Infusion Devices, Bandages, Bandages, Sterile Dressings, Tapes, Tourniquets, Resistance Shock pants, limb splints, spine plates, electrocardiographs, conditional defibrillators, pacemakers, mobile X- ray diagnostics and routine inspections, and air monitoring service vehicles. Conventional equipment such as stethoscopes, sphygmomanometers, thermometers, tongue depressors, mouthpieces, etc. 3. Emergency medicine Adrenaline, norepinephrine, isoproterenol, lidocaine, propranolol, proterophytine, nikethamide, cisplatin, sitaglan, ketamine , diazepam, phenagen, phenobarbital Amber, chlorpromazine, pethidine, morphine, aminophylline, dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, atropine, 654-2 , hemostatic, analoxemia, antifibrinolytic acid, pituitrin, Dopamine, alamin, phentolamine, reserpine, sodium nitroprusside, isodecyl nitrite, nitroglycerin, furosemide, mannitol, defoaming, several major types of TAT antibiotics, several major antidotes, and detoxification Agent, glucose injection, water for injection, normal saline, sodium bicarbonate injection, lactated Ringer's solution, plasma substitutes, topical disinfectants, oral burns, acid and alkali burns, rinses, eye drops, ointment, etc. Emergency medicine. Second, protective equipment Personnel to enter the scene to implement the rescue of chemical accidents, there is gas leak in the poisoning, chemical burns, choking the absence of oxygen, necessary to wear personal protective equipment such as a good anti-poison mask, masks, hats, gloves, protective clothes, wash elimination Dirty supplies, etc. can enter the site of contamination. The type, usage, and precautions of its protective equipment. Third, emergency vehicles The so-called emergency vehicle is a kind of special transportation tool that can transport the guardianship in case of emergency to rescue the critically ill patient. According to the Professional Standard for Ambulances of the People's Republic of China completed in 1986 , emergency ambulances are classified into four categories: (1) Command-type ambulances: They are used for on-site organization and command and medical rescue work for large-scale catastrophic accidents, and they mainly have functions such as communication, command and sound amplification; (2) Rescue ambulances: The vehicle is equipped with rescue equipment such as cardiopulmonary resuscitation, defibrillation, and ventilator, which is used by critically ill patients; (3) Specialized ambulances: Can be divided into specialties such as trauma, poisoning, disasters, obstetrics, ophthalmology, and internal and external surgical resuscitation (4) Ordinary ambulances: There are stretchers in the car, and generally no other medical equipment, which is mainly used for the transport of ordinary patients. In practice, ambulances are generally divided into two categories, namely, general ambulances and recovery ambulances. The equipment and drug configuration of its medical devices depend on their respective conditions and needs. However, some of the most basic first aid equipment and medicines must be equipped with the following requirements. Only an ambulance that meets the following equipment standards can be called a real ambulance. 1. Ordinary ambulance (1) Stretchers and transportation items: including stretchers, folding stretchers , mattresses, sheets, quilts, pillows, etc. (2) Hemostatic products: including tourniquets, compression bandages, tapes, and hemostatic forceps. (3) artificial respiration appliance categories: artificial respirator comprising an opening, a spatula, a reserve cylinder or the oxygen bag. (4) Splints: including whole body splints and partial splints. (5) bandage: bandage comprising a bandage, first aid kits, bandages clip, gauze and the like. (6) Washing equipment: Eyedropper, eye wash, shower, water receiver, etc. (7) Nursing emergency treatment supplies: including washbasins, rubber gloves, toilets, dirt buckets, ice pillows, ice capsules, thermometers, sphygmomanometers, oil paper, absorbent cotton, etc. (8) Surgical instruments: including scissors ( three types ) , scalpels, forceps ( three types ) , cotton swabs, and grain forceps. (9) Sterilizers: Steam sterilizers, boiling sterilizers, spray sterilizers, finger sterilizers. (10) Containers: First aid kits , medicine cabinets, bottle dishes, wide mouth bottles, gauze trays, water pots, etc. (11) First-aid appliances: Including lifebelts, belts, liferafts, helmet headlights, special signal appliances, flashlights, and personal anti-drug supplies. (12) Trauma disinfectants, general disinfectants, and various emergency medicines. ( slightly ) 2. Recovery ambulance (1) Equipped with a full set of conventional equipment for general ambulances. (2) Critical patient care monitor ( DC power supply ) . (3) DC defibrillators and on-demand pacemakers ( with a full set of catheter electrodes ) . (4) Jet-type artificial respirator, balloon respirator, airway tube for oral cavity and throat, endotracheal tube, joint for tracheostomy, and oxygen gas source. (5) Portable suction device, heart extrusion device - heart pump, back plate, head stabilization device, etc. (6) Radio communications equipment, car telephones, walkie-talkies and other rescue equipment. Fourth, emergency communication tools The configuration of on-site emergency communication tools is very important. First aid under the conditions now can be done with: â‘ radio or car phone; â‘¡ hand-held mobile phones; â‘¢ on the walkie-talkie. Under normal circumstances, when a chemical accident emergency rescue team performs a rescue mission, the person in charge must at least carry a portable mobile phone or walkie-talkie to keep in touch with the on-site command center or emergency unit. In the ordinary times, the backbone personnel of the emergency team should be equipped with walkie-talkie machines so that in the event of a chemical accident, rapid assembly and rapid response can be achieved. The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.
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