Inventory of common mine safety issues and causes

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Shizuishan Linli Coal Co., Ltd. Gas explosion occurred in the No. 3 mine. 18 people were killed and another two were missing, due to the complicated situation underground mine accident, 2 people missing survivors is no longer possible.

2

Rong Sheng Guizhou coal mine gas explosion occurred, 18 people on duty into the well, seven people were killed, 11 people Masui (two of them seriously injured, no life-threatening).

The main reasons for this security problem are:

Reason 1

No ventilation or poor ventilation.

In the working face, the lack of air distribution leads to gas accumulation, failure to perform top-down in a timely manner, and the work surface top distance is inconsistent with the regulations in the relevant work procedures. The small wind speed will cause the gas laminar flow to accumulate on the working surface.

the reason

There is a source of detonation.

The sparks produced by blasting, electrical sparks, sparks caused by static electricity, and sparks naturally caused by coal are sources of fire for gas explosions.

the reason

Management is flawed and there are violations.

Failure to do a good job in gas inspections, empty classes, missed inspections, and fraudulent practices are widespread. There is no strict enforcement of the artillery and seizure inspection system, and the relevant systems for entering the wells for inspection are not strict. These can lead to gas accidents.

the reason

People's mistakes lead to accidents.

The unsafe behavior of employees may also cause gas accidents. Enterprises do not have timely training related to employee safety production, which makes employees' safety awareness weak. Many companies’ safety education work is to respond to inspections, which has no practical significance.

Water penetration accident

In the process of construction and production of mines, surface water and groundwater flow into the mine through cracks, faults, subsidence areas, and other channels. When the mine flooding exceeds the normal drainage capacity, it causes flooding of the mine, which is also often called flooding.

1

A flooding accident occurred in Shanxi Jincheng Zhongcun Coal Co., Ltd., and 8 of the 12 trapped miners were rescued and 4 were killed.

2

A flooding accident occurred at the Baijiashan Copper Mine in Anhui Tongling Jinshun Mining Co., Ltd., which caused the mine to be flooded in the middle of 260 meters. Of the 23 workers on the shift , 21 were safely evacuated from the well and 2 were lost.

The main reasons for this security problem are:

the reason

Mining was not carried out in accordance with the regulations. Cross-border exploitation was serious.

Some enterprises are driven by economic interests and cross-border mining. Because of lack of understanding of their hydrogeological conditions in some old water-logged areas, they are prone to cause flooding accidents. In addition, the exploitation of some coal pillars will also result in flooding.

the reason

There is a problem with management.

When there was a sign of flooding, it was also illegal to organize production or to carry out exploration and release of water, which eventually resulted in flooding of mines. In addition, some mines did not strictly follow the waterproofing measures. Although they have already completed exploration and discharge of water, they have not completely cured the water damage.

Roof accident

The roof accident refers to accidents such as casualties, equipment damage, and production termination caused by accidental falling of the roof during underground mining. According to statistics, the roof accident accounted for more than 40% of all deaths . Although the roof accidents have been reduced, they are still one of the major disasters in mine production.

1

The 6410 face of Xinjiang Tianli Coal Mine adopts the π-steel top-coal technology with a single hydraulic pillar that has been eliminated by the State, and some of the individual hydraulic pillars in the working face have failed. A large area of ​​roof collapse occurred during the operation, resulting in 10 deaths.

The main reasons for this security problem are:

Reason 1

The geological structure is complicated.

Soft and broken roofs often have small local roof tops, and hard roofs that are difficult to take off will have large roof tops, and a small number of mines will also have impact pressure. If geological structures such as faults and folds are encountered during the excavation process, roof collapse is more likely to occur.

the reason

Roof pressure changes.

Because of the pressure of the rock (coal) layer above the mining face, the sinking speed of the roof increases dramatically, the force of the support increases sharply, and when the roof breaks, cracks in the parallel coal wall occur, and even the stepped sinking of the roof occurs. At this time, it is most likely to fall.

the reason

The impact of the recovery process.

When the shearer cuts the coal wall or the working surface to blast, when the column is returned and the roof is laid, the vibration of the roof is greatly damaged, and it is easier to fall than when performing other processes.

the reason

Human factors.

The cadres illegally commanded and workers' illegal operation was the most fundamental and direct cause of roof accidents. From the statistical analysis of the country over the years, more than 80% of accidents were caused by various violations and poor project quality.

Reason 5

Technical equipment is backward.

At present, most coal mining working faces still use friction metal pillars and wooden pillars. The return pillar is basically a manual operation, which makes it easier to bury the hidden dangers of roof fall accidents.

Coal dust accident

Coal mine dust prevention is the general term for preventing various fine mineral particles produced during the production of coal mines. Coal dust is a great hazard. It not only pollutes the working environment and affects the health of the miners, but also the explosion of coal dust can cause major personal injury.

1

The illegal blasting of the Shenmu-I coal mine in the open-pit mining area caused explosions of coal dust. The toxic and harmful gases from the explosions flowed into the illegal production areas of the Liujiabu coal mine, causing a downhole accident at the Liujiabang coal mine . All 11 miners trapped were killed.

The main reasons for coal dust explosions are:

the reason

Coal dust itself exploded.

To reach a certain concentration of floating dust: lower limit of 45g / m3, an upper limit of 1500 - 2000g / m3.

The oxygen content in the air is greater than 18% .

The heat source that ignites the coal dust.

Reason 2

Coal dust is flying in the air.

the reason

In the process of mining coal mines, the amount of coal dust is relatively large, and it flies in the roadway of the working face. The accumulated coal dust is very large, and it has not been cleared in time.

Fire accident

A fire in a mine can easily cause the explosion of gas, coal and dust. It can also burn various equipment and equipment as well as coal resources. At the same time, it can also produce poisonous gas and cause poisoning to miners.

There are two main causes of fire accidents:

the reason

One is external.

For example, illegal firing, coal drills, and electrical equipment are some of the reasons.

the reason

The other is internal cause.

That is the natural cause of coal. Some coals can be spontaneously combusted because of their physicochemical properties, and they heat up when they come into contact with air. If they are not well ventilated, they can cause spontaneous combustion.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.