I am going to plow in the spring, and many farmers are thinking about what to do. Eat endlessly, wear endlessly, plan to live less than a lifetime, every year before the spring sowing is the most headache for many peasant brothers, the planting arrangement in the spring is not good, the income of one year is not guaranteed.
This year's spring is just a little bit stable. Xiaobian has compiled some recent hot topics for farmers to refer to.
Adjust the planting variety structure and reduce the inefficient supply
Rice, wheat cultivation
For the farmers who grow rice, this news must be paid attention to: the country should reduce the rice planting area by more than 10 million mu this year! In the main grain, after the corn is obviously reduced by 50 million mu, the rice has also set foot on it. The road to reduction. The general direction of reduction is: the area of ​​japonica rice in the low-yield areas of the cold regions in the northeast region, and the area of ​​japonica rice in the double-season rice producing areas in the Yangtze River basin.
Chen Xiaoshan, an industry analyst, said that for the majority of grain farmers, adjusting the structure and optimizing the varieties should become a better "pursuit" for grain farmers.
Chen Xiaoshan: It is recommended that farmers properly adjust a part of rice cultivation, and they can take out some plots to test high-quality rice, select varieties according to local conditions, and sign orders with grain enterprises to ensure planting income.
A few days ago, the country released the minimum purchase price of rice in 2018. The early indica rice, mid-late japonica rice and japonica rice produced this year were reduced by 0.1-0.2 yuan per catty, which is the largest reduction in three years. Ye Xingqing, director of the Rural Economic Research Department of the Development Research Center of the State Council, said that the state's reform of the minimum purchase price or temporary storage price of major agricultural products, and the adjustment of the minimum purchase price of rice is the general trend.
Ye Xingqing: Under normal circumstances, let the market form wheat and rice prices, so that farmers can face the market more directly, so that farmers can have the power to adjust the planting structure of rice and wheat according to market needs, and take the road of high quality and good price.
The "2018 Planting Work Points" issued by the Ministry of Agriculture also clarifies that in 2018, wheat and rice still guarantee a minimum purchase price. Among them, the market demand for medium-strength and weak-gluten wheat is large, and farmers can try to adjust the planting.
Other agricultural products, planting soybeans
Soybean is one of China's important food crops. It has been planted for thousands of years, and soybeans can be made into many soy products. It is very popular. Nowadays, the impact of imported soybeans on China is very large, which makes the original soybeans fluctuate greatly. .
Therefore, the country specializes in soybeans as a gold industry for future development, and will need billions of funds to subsidize soybean production. In the future, the state's subsidies on soybeans will exceed the corn subsidies, especially those who form brands and soybean deep processing will be more subsidized.
Therefore, the golden period of soybean cultivation may have arrived, and the market for soybeans in 2018 is worth looking forward to.
Grain feeding
Now the country has been advocating “grain to feedâ€, which is to plant crops for one year, grow one-year economic crops, and plant one-year feed crops.
From 2015, the country will refer to the document on food reform. This year, grain reform will be implemented in 17 provinces, and it is expected to continue to expand to 10 million mu in the future, and the subsidy can reach more than 2 billion yuan.
The starting point of grain reforming is grain, the method is to change, the goal is to feed, and the key is to use. Last year, the planting area of ​​grain reformed feeds reached more than 7 million mu, and almost every mu has increased the income of farmers by several hundred yuan.
Potato planting
The national plan strives to increase the proportion of total potato market consumption by 30% by 2020, accelerate the entry of potato staple food products into supermarkets, communities, canteens, and make potatoes a new staple food.
Moreover, the state is expected to increase subsidies for potato planting, subsidizing 100 yuan per mu, and subsidies for potato preservation and transportation are very large.
In addition, everyone is more concerned about the reduction of 50 million mu of corn planting area in the “sickle bend†area, and the potato is one of the ideal alternative crops for corn structure adjustment in the “sickle bend†area.
Mixed grain cultivation
The main grains are sorghum, millet, buckwheat, oats, barley, mung beans, cowpeas, black beans, etc., which can be grown in most parts of China. The state has formulated different grain cropping policies according to the situation in different places. For example, Hebei mainly encourages miscellaneous grains such as buckwheat, sorghum and mung beans.
Because there are many types of miscellaneous grains, the state is divided into special subsidies and direct subsidies. For example, last year, the farmers who planted cereals were subsidized by fine seeds, the standard was 69 yuan/mu, and they could enjoy the scale operation subsidy policy. It is believed that the intensity of subsidies for miscellaneous grains will increase further in 2018, so the miscellaneous grains are worth looking forward to.
The chief scientist of the national millet industry technology system, Mr. Xian, proposed three suggestions from the planting areas, varieties and methods to the majority of sorghum growers:
First, it is recommended that dry land can be used for a variety of drought-resistant crops such as sorghum and millet. Because these crops have good drought resistance and good stability, planting in dry land is generally better than corn.
Second, sorghum These small and medium crops are obviously regulated by the market. Farmers must consider whether they can sell before planting. Farmers must be positioned to determine the production of sorghum or the production of feed sorghum before planting.
Third, adopting the order production method, the best guarantee of income, but also the safest.
The state further expands the scale of the trial of fallow fallow
In 2018, the central government will allocate about 5 billion yuan of funds, and the pilot area for rotation of fallow will be expanded to 24 million mu. Expand the scope of the pilot project to increase the low-yield areas of rice in the northeast coldland and the groundwater over-exploitation areas in the Tarim River Basin in Xinjiang.
Fallow farming means that more farmers will receive subsidies for fallow, and everyone can give themselves and the land a holiday. The subsidies in some areas are as follows:
Hunan Province, Zhuzhou and Zhuzhou heavy metal pollution area annual subsidy pilot subsidies of 1,300 yuan per mu (including treatment costs).
In Gansu Province, there are 20,000 mu of fallows and 800 yuan per mu.
The groundwater funnel area of ​​Heilongjiang Port in Hebei Province has a seasonal fallow of 1 million mu, and subsidies of 500 yuan per mu.
In the southwestern rocky desertification area, there are 40,000 mu of fallows (including 20,000 mu in Guizhou Province and 20,000 mu in Yunnan Province), and 1,000 yuan per mu.
The Ministry of Agriculture stressed that the rotation of fallow should respect the wishes of the peasants, do not engage in forced orders, and do not make a one-size-fits-all approach, allowing the peasants to participate in the rotation for fallow. Therefore, peasant brothers who voluntarily participate in the rotation of fallows can also consider working around the service industry around agriculture or going out to work.
Will it be stable in the spring of 2018?
Replanting featured crops
This year, Hubei plans to reduce 1 million mu of rice in rice inferior production areas and replant rice with special characteristics. In addition, it will adjust 1 million mu for the development of rice-fish farming and high-quality reclaimed rice. The area of ​​reduction and adjustment in Hubei Province is used to accelerate the development of characteristic and advantageous industries. First, it is to replant rice, high-altitude vegetables, Chinese herbal medicines and other characteristic economic crops in the inferior production areas of hilly and mountainous areas. The second is in Binhutian and Xiaohutian. In the double-season rice inferior areas such as cold soaking fields, the comprehensive cultivation of paddy fields should be carried out according to local conditions; the third is to increase the area of ​​reclaimed rice to achieve “one kind of two harvests, saving costs and increasing efficiencyâ€.
High-quality cotton, the main cotton producing area in Xinjiang, there is basically no development opportunity in other areas, this must also be carefully considered.
High-yield high-sugar sugar cane, the demand for sugar is still relatively large, if you can plant high-yield varieties or use other techniques to increase the sugar content of sugar cane, you can try.
Grasping the words "stable, expanding, reducing, and building"
Not long ago, the Ministry of Agriculture issued the National Crop Production Adjustment Plan (2016-2020), which made general planning adjustments to China's planting industry to help farmers get rich quickly. This plan puts forward a series of suggestions for what farmers are planting.
In this regard, Sun Liwu, a special commentator of China Rural Voice, said that the market economy is changing with each passing day, business opportunities are often in the first line, and spring harvests are summer harvest. The agricultural cycle is very long and the time span is very large. Therefore, this involves the rice bowl and it involves food security. How about making agriculture more profitable in 2018? That is the four words - "stable, expanding, reducing, and building."
"Stable" ration area, "expanded" advantage planting
There is no doubt that agriculture is the foundation. It requires farmers' friends to be stable. This stability is not only on the big surface, such as the science of planting structural adjustment planning, but also on the small surface. Specific, such as single farmer reform. What kind of species should be considered carefully.
Sun Liwu: Wheat, soybeans, peanuts, rice, and rapeseed are very important crops. These involve safe food, so no matter which year, you have to stabilize its area.
Then how to make more money on the basis of stable area? The method is actually “stable + expansionâ€: stabilize the planting area, do a good job of connecting the mouth, and expand new varieties, such as expanding the area of ​​high-quality strong gluten wheat. In areas where groundwater is seriously over-exploited, drought-tolerant crops such as potatoes and alfalfa are expanded. There is a common premise for stability and expansion, that is, to stabilize the area of ​​the main body and expand the high quality. Only the varieties adapted to local conditions can achieve high returns.
"Reduce" excess production, "build" rotation system
Sun Liwu believes that in addition to the stability and stability of the extension, there is also a reduction and construction. The reduction refers to the reduction, the construction refers to the construction, and the increase is said. It needs to be reduced and increased, and the reduction and increase are not the same.
Since the implementation of the structural adjustment of the corn supply side, the relevant work has made positive progress. In 2017, the corn planting area has decreased, the corn production has not decreased too much, and the overall quality of corn has improved significantly, and the price of corn has also been satisfactory. .
Sun Liwu: In 2018, agriculture made more money. We must continue to adhere to the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture, and continue to reduce the fourth and fifth accumulated temperate zones in northern Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia Hulunbeier, and the corn planting area in the farming-pastoral ecotone. The reduced corn area was replanted into crops such as soybean, spring wheat, miscellaneous grains and silage corn to construct a reasonable rotation system.
In addition, he also said that whether it is "stable", "expanded" or "reduced" or "built", the core essence is to adapt to local conditions, to plant appropriate things in the right place, and to adjust the appropriate structure in the overall structure.
Whether it is fresh corn or high-quality japonica rice, whether the farmers’ friends are replanted or remain stable. As long as the relevant policies are followed and the local conditions are relatively easy, the agricultural income in 2018 will surely reach a new level.
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Article source: Voice of the Chinese Village, "Three Rural China"
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