Integrated control measures for wheat rust and powdery mildew

Wheat rust and powdery mildew are one of the important diseases of wheat. Among them, rust is divided into three types: strip rust, leaf rust and rod rust. The characteristics are all rust spots on the leaf surface, leaf sheath and stem, and wheat awning. Stripe rust generally occurs in the jointing stage of wheat from heading to heading. The focus of prevention and control should be on wheat varieties with high yield, early onset or late onset but late maturity. Leaf rust usually occurs from the booting to the heading stage. Rod rust occurs from the flowering to the milky stage, and the wheat field of susceptible varieties with late sowing and high yield levels is the control center. Powdery mildew occurs on the leaves. In severe cases, leaf sheaths, stems and ears can occur. The focus is on the control of low-lying depression, high humidity, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer and excessive population of wheat. According to the above-mentioned pathogenesis, the following comprehensive prevention measures must be taken.
(1) Selecting high-yield varieties that are resistant to disease, fertilizer, and fertilizer.
(2) Seed treatment before planting: 1 Sun-breeding, irradiated with ultraviolet rays by sunlight, killing the pathogen attached to the surface of the seed, reducing the number of bacterial sources. 2 Seed dressing with 0.2-0.3% of the seed rust can effectively control the disease at the seedling stage.
(3) Implementing health care cultivation, mainly based on farmyard manure and supplemented by chemical fertilizer; base fertilizer is the main factor, and topdressing is supplemented. Increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers to enhance the disease resistance of plants.
(4) Cultivate strong seedlings and establish a reasonable group structure. When the humidity in the field is high, the ditch should be cleared in time, the soil should be ploughed, the humidity should be lowered, and the soil permeability conditions should be improved.
(5) Control of fungicides : the prevalence rate of diseased leaves is 2% - 4%, and the application of pesticides is started when the severity reaches 1%. The following pesticides can be used as a disinfectant, 50-60 kg of water is sprayed, and the disease is heavier. The wheat field is controlled 2-3 times, each interval is 7-10 days, and the field with aphids can be mixed with 10% Shifei special wettable powder 5-8 g/mu.
1. Use 25% of propanolazole emulsifiable concentrate for 100 liters;
2, 15% of the use of 15% powder rusting wettable powder;
3, 20% of the 20% used powder.