Wheat and corn rotation is the most important way to fall down in North China. In order to ensure two-year maturity, high-yield and double-efficiency, the author thinks that the two sides of winter wheat and corn are considered as a whole, and the overall arrangement is balanced. The focus is also on the balance of fertilization. This is the key to high yield and high efficiency. The base fertilizers of winter wheat and corn are mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The other medium and trace elements are supplemented. The topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer, but the focus is on applying organic fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer to winter wheat, and applying potassium fertilizer to Summer corn. Screwdriver Bit,Best Screwdriver Bits,Best Screwdriver Bit Set,Magnetic Screwdriver Bits henan horn tools co.,ltd. , http://www.horntoolsltd.com
1. High-yield fertilization technology for winter wheat
1. The growth period of winter wheat: for nearly 9 months, it must go through the stages of sowing, emergence, tillering, wintering (hibernation), rejuvenation, getting up, jointing, flowering, booting, grouting, maturity, harvesting, etc. High yield, in the case of good varieties and reasonable close planting, must provide rich nutrition to ensure.
2, winter wheat needs fertilizer characteristics: wheat is grass crops, roots, it requires a large amount of fertilizer. Experiments have shown that for every 100 kilograms of wheat kernels, about 3.0 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.25 kg of phosphorus, and 2.5 kg of potassium are needed. A reasonable and reasonable supply of NPK and moderate amounts of medium and trace elements are the basis and guarantee for high yield and quality of wheat.
3. The best period for winter wheat fertilization:
1 The first period is the pre-sowing fertilizer, which requires the application of all organic fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and about half of the nitrogen fertilizer.
2 The second period is the top dressing from the green to the jointing stage (3-4 months), requiring about half of the nitrogen to be picked up.
4. Formulation and dosage of winter wheat fertilization:
(1) On the base fertilizer, there are mainly two options for farmers to choose:
1 mu of soil mixed fertilizer (tanned and fully decomposed circle fertilizer, etc.) 2000-3000 kg, urea 10-15 kg or ammonium bicarbonate 24-40 kg, diammonium phosphate 10-15 kg, potassium chloride 5-10 kg.
2 mu of soil mixed fertilizer (tanned and fully decomposed ring fertilizer, etc.) 2000-3000 kg, high-quality ternary compound (combined) fertilizer 25-35 kg. For example, Zhongde brand blended fertilizer, suitable for Henan, has 27-16-12, 27-14-10, 27-12-6, 25-14-6, 25-13-7, 25-15-8, etc. The formulas suitable for Shandong and Hebei are 20-22-8, 20-20-10, 18-23-10, 18-18-18, 19-19-19, etc.
3 Note: If the soil is not enough, you can use the appropriate amount of commercial organic fertilizer instead. If there is no organic fertilizer to make the base fertilizer, it is recommended to increase the amount of fertilizer used above .
(2) Topdressing is mainly based on nitrogen fertilizer. The application rate is flexibly controlled according to the condition of seedlings and soil fertility, and must be combined with watering. The recommended dosage is: 10-20 kg of urea or 25-50 kg of ammonium bicarbonate. The principle of topdressing is: the soil is thin and weak, and it will be applied early;
5, winter wheat topdressing needs attention:
Under normal circumstances, winter wheat topdressing only catches once. If you have high requirements on production, you can chase 5-10 kg of urea within one week of the flowering period after heading, which is very beneficial to the production potential. In the stage from the booting to the filling and maturity, it is recommended to spray 2-3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 150-200 times the Belgian Sander instant potassium sulfate, which can prevent premature aging of wheat. Added thousands of grain weight.
Second, summer corn high-yield fertilization technology
1. The growth period of summer corn: generally about three months, a total of three stages of growth. The first stage is the seedling stage, that is, from emergence to jointing; the second stage is the ear stage, that is, from the jointing to the big bell stage, and then to the heading. The big bell period of this period is the key period of topdressing; the third stage It is the flowering stage, that is, from heading to maturity.
2. Fertilizer characteristics of summer corn: Summer corn is a kind of fertilizer-resistant crop. The test proves that for every 100 kg of corn kernels produced, it needs to absorb 2.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 1.16 kg of phosphorus and 2.16 of potassium.
3. The best period for fertilizing summer corn:
The demand for nutrients in different stages of summer maize is different. In production, the two fertilization periods are mainly focused on; the first period is the seedling stage, which is also the critical period of nutrition. In this period, the corn grows slowly and grows. Small amounts require less nutrients but are very sensitive to nutrient deficiencies. If it is lacking, it cannot be remedied later. The second period is after the jointing. During this period, the corn grows fast, that is, the long stems and long branches and leaves, and the long grain of the head is needed, and the amount of fertilizer is large. This period is also called the maximum efficiency period of nutrition. 4. Formulation and dosage of summer corn fertilization:
(1) On the bottom fertilizer, it is generally required to harvest the wheat while side-by-side, fertilizing, and sowing. Now there is a major promotion of corn fertilization technology is the same as fertilizer, but the fertilizer it requires must be long-acting controlled slow-release fertilizer (such as Zhongde brand multi-functional long-acting fertilizer 25-13-7, German Entek compound fertilizer) 22-7-11, etc.), that is, it will not burn seedlings, and will not defer beforer and premature aging. If you are not using seed-fertilizer technology, the following two fertilizer schemes can be selected by farmers:
1 On the basis of the use of the upper organic fertilizer, 5 kg of urea or 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 5 kg of diammonium phosphate, 10 kg of potassium chloride, 1-2 kg of zinc sulfate, and the holding boron of the American Borax Group Gram.
2 On the basis of the use of the upper organic fertilizer, the farm uses 10-15 kg of high-quality ternary compound fertilizer. For example, Zhongde brand blended fertilizer, the formula has 17-17-17, 18-18-18, 19-19-19 and so on.
3 If the base fertilizer is too late to be applied, it can be applied during the small bell period (see when the leaves are 4-5 leaves).
(2) Topdressing is mainly based on high-nitrogen compound (combined) fertilizer, which is applied in the big bell mouth period (when the leaves are 8-12 leaves), and the application amount is flexibly controlled according to the seedling condition and soil fertility. And must be combined with watering. The recommended formula and amount of acre are: Zhongde brand high nitrogen blending fertilizer 30-5-5, 38-5-5, 32-8-8, 28-6-6, etc., the amount of acres is 25-35 kg. It is required to apply the interlaced strips, apply the soil deeply, or apply a hole of about 7-10 cm from the plant. It is recommended to apply high-yield fields of corn with a yield of more than 650 kg per mu. That is, two-thirds of the amount is applied in the 8-9 leaf stage, and one-third of the amount is applied in the 12-13 leaf stage. The principle of topdressing is: the soil is thin and weak, and it will be applied early;
(3) Remarks: If the farmers' friends map to save trouble, they only have a topdressing on corn cultivation. This is like a person who has eaten three meals and made a meal. It is definitely poor digestion, poor absorption, and low utilization rate. It is not recommended to do so in production, and it is recommended to apply base fertilizer and top dressing. If farmers' friends have a special liking for one-time fertilization (also called “one shelling†fertilization method), the author also has two suggestions: First, it is best to use excellent ternary long-acting controlled slow release fertilizer to prevent post-fertilization and premature aging. Second, the amount of nitrogen must meet the needs of the whole growth period of corn, and the seedlings are not burned in the early stage, and the nitrogen is not dehydrated in the later stage; the third is to be used in sufficient quantity.
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