The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Major Technical Equipment Development and Major Industrial Technology Development" was issued in order to continuously improve the independent research capability of major technical equipment and the independent development capability of major industrial technologies in China's key areas, and promote the optimization and upgrading of China's industrial structure and economy. On the 17th of January 2008, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the “Special Plan for the Development of Major Technical Equipment and Major Industrial Technology Development of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan†on the change of development mode. According to the plan, it will focus on the development of eight major technical equipments in the fields of energy, materials and machinery manufacturing, namely, high-capacity high-head hydropower units, million kilowatts of nuclear power key equipment, and large oil and gas long-term projects. Transmission line equipment and so on. At the same time, the plan also pointed out that during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period, the development of four major industrial technologies will be focused on in the fields of energy, environment and resources. Including: building energy conservation, wind energy utilization, development of key technologies and equipment for large offshore wind power, as well as desulfurization of coal-fired power plants, control of sulfur dioxide emissions, and development of urban waste treatment technologies.
Short comment: In today's increasingly serious energy and environmental protection issues, how to expand hydropower, nuclear power, how to improve coal mining efficiency, breakthrough in coal chemical technology and development of offshore oil production have become the hottest and most urgent issues in China. How to achieve independent innovation The development of supporting efficient and clean energy is imminent. Therefore, we have seen that the "Plan" has achieved close connection with China's energy macro-control policies. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, our national power will obviously favor new energy development and independent production of high value-added materials. The release of the "Plan" can be said to provide direction and support for China's energy structure adjustment.
The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" was promulgated on March 18, 2008. The National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development", and by 2010, China's renewable energy in energy consumption. The proportion will reach 10%, and the annual utilization of renewable energy in the country will reach 300 million tons of standard coal, nearly double the growth rate in 2005. According to the "Planning", during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, China will continue to vigorously develop hydropower, accelerate the development of biomass energy, wind power and solar energy, strengthen the development and utilization of rural renewable energy, and gradually increase the proportion of renewable energy in energy supply. Create conditions for the larger-scale development and utilization of renewable energy. In 2010, the total installed capacity of hydropower in the country will reach 190 million kilowatts, the total installed capacity of wind power will reach 10 million kilowatts, the total installed capacity of biomass power generation will reach 5.5 million kilowatts, and the total capacity of solar power will reach 300,000 kilowatts. . The “Planning†proposes the goal of promoting the development of renewable energy technologies and industries: by 2010, initially establish a renewable energy technology innovation system, with strong R&D capabilities and technology integration capabilities, forming independent innovation, introducing technologies, digesting and innovating. And participate in international joint technology research and other diversified technological innovation methods. "Planning" also requires that by 2010, China's domestic manufacturing capacity of hydropower equipment and solar water heater equipment industry should achieve strong international competitiveness, domestic wind power equipment manufacturing enterprises must achieve mass production of units above 1500 kW, agriculture and forestry students The material power generation equipment should be locally produced, and basically have the production capacity of solar photovoltaic power generation polysilicon materials.
Short comment: In the past 100 years of Western industrialization, the amount of resources already consumed has accounted for about 60% of the world. China now relies on nearly 70% of its energy consumption to rely on coal. Such an energy structure has put a lot of pressure on China. We face the challenge of sustainable energy, so we must make full use of renewable energy to adjust the energy structure. Based on this, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Renewable Energy on August 31, 2007. This time, according to the overall requirements of the Medium and Long-term Development Plan for Renewable Energy and the latest developments in China's renewable energy development, the development goals and development priorities of some renewable energy sources during the 11th Five-Year Plan period were adjusted and organized. The "Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" can see the Chinese government's high hopes for renewable energy development. It can be seen that compared with the Renewable Energy Law and its related supporting policy measures, the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development†is more operable, clarifying development goals, arranging financial funds, and renewable. Energy technology research and development, pilot project construction, resource evaluation, standard setting and equipment localization have also been put forward, which can be said to once again blew the horn of entering renewable energy.
The newly revised Energy Conservation Law of the State was implemented on April 4, 2008. The newly revised Energy Conservation Law of China was officially implemented. The revised Energy Conservation Law clearly stipulates that saving resources is China's basic national policy. The state will implement the energy development strategy of saving and developing both in the first place. The new version of the Energy Conservation Law has been increased from the original 6 chapters and 50 articles to 7 chapters and 87 articles. Compared with the old version of the Energy Conservation Law, the new law further clarifies the main body of energy conservation law enforcement and strengthens the responsibility for energy conservation. It is not difficult to find that the key to implementing the Energy Conservation Law lies with the government. The new "Energy Conservation Law" has further improved and strengthened the government's responsibility for energy conservation management, and also stipulated the government's own energy conservation work. The new "Energy Conservation Law" specifically strengthens the legal responsibility for not implementing or implementing the Energy Conservation Law. The state will implement the energy-saving target responsibility system and the energy-saving assessment system, and regard the completion of energy-saving targets as the content of the assessment and evaluation of the local people's government and its responsible persons. The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall report to the State Council on the implementation of the responsibility for energy conservation goals every year.
Short comment: In the face of the increasingly severe energy shortage contradiction, the Chinese government finally let the implementation of the old-fashioned "Energy Conservation Law" that has not been suitable for the modern social and economic situation has been withdrawn from the historical stage for 10 years. This is because the Chinese government has already clarified the road to the development of energy-saving resources. Therefore, people hope that the implementation of the new Energy Conservation Law will protect the development of China's economy. Because the new "Energy Conservation Law" will help solve the increasingly acute contradiction between China's current economic development and energy resources and the environment. On the day of the implementation of the new "Energy Conservation Law", the energy conservation and environmental protection stocks in the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock markets showed a general upswing. On the disk, the entrepreneurial environmental protection was strong, the Longjing environmental protection rose 6.61%, and the Fida environmental protection rose 6.59%. Yantai Wanhua It rose 2.66%, Zhongju High-tech rose 1.97%, and Confidence Electric rose 1.67%.
The Ministry of Finance promulgated the "Interim Measures for the Administration of Special Funds for the Industrialization of Wind Power Equipment". On August 19, 2008, the Ministry of Finance issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Special Funds for the Industrialization of Wind Power Equipment. The Measures clarified the central financial arrangements for wind power equipment. The subsidy standard for industrialized special funds and the scope of use of funds, as well as the supporting objects, methods and supporting conditions for industrialized funds. According to the "Measures", the central government will subsidize the first 50 wind turbines of wind power equipment manufacturing enterprises that meet the supporting conditions, and the central government will subsidize them according to the standard of 600 yuan/kW. Among them, the whole machine manufacturing enterprises and key component manufacturing enterprises each account for 50%. In principle, the amount of subsidies for each key component manufacturing enterprise is determined according to the cost ratio, and the emphasis is on the converter and the bearing enterprise. Industrialization funds must be earmarked for the related expenses of new product development of wind power equipment.
Short comment: The introduction of the "Measures" means that the support plan for the localization of wind turbines and parts and components for more than two years has finally come to the fore. According to the "Measures" regulations, manufacturers such as Goldwind, Huarui, Dongqi, etc., which have already achieved megawatt-level production, can receive a subsidy of 45 million yuan, and 45 million yuan is not a large number for the domestic top three, but this time The form of direct cash subsidy is more operational than the last tax refund to capital policy, and parts manufacturers and machine manufacturers in the industry will receive benefits. It can be seen that the special funds are mainly targeted at megawatt wind turbines. It is undoubtedly considered that this level has become the mainstream of the international market, and although China has the mass production capacity of 600 kW and 750 kW wind turbines, There are only a handful of manufacturers with independent manufacturing of megawatt capacity wind turbines. Therefore, the introduction of the Measures also implies the use of fiscal policy to help upgrade the wind power industry.
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress passed the "Circular Economy Promotion Law" on August 29, 2008. The Fourth Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress voted to pass the "Circular Economy Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China". President Hu Jintao signed the 4th Chairman. Order to be announced. The law stipulates that the design of processes, equipment, products and packaging materials should be based on the requirements of reducing resource consumption and waste generation, and prefer to use materials that are easy to recycle, easy to disassemble, easily degradable, non-toxic and harmless, or low in toxicity and low in harm. The design plan shall comply with the mandatory requirements of the relevant national standards; industrial enterprises shall adopt advanced or applicable water-saving technologies, processes and equipment, formulate and implement water-saving plans, strengthen water-saving management, and control the whole process of production water; The state encourages and supports companies to use efficient fuel-efficient products. Enterprises shall, in accordance with state regulations, comprehensively utilize industrial wastes such as fly ash, coal gangue, tailings, waste rock, waste, and waste gas generated during the production process; enterprises shall develop tandem water systems and circulating water systems to increase water duplication. Utilization, and the use of advanced technology, processes and equipment to recycle the wastewater generated in the production process; enterprises should use advanced or applicable recycling technology, processes and equipment to synthesize the waste heat and residual pressure generated during the production process. use. The state gives tax incentives to industrial activities that promote the development of circular economy, and uses taxation and other measures to encourage the import of advanced technologies, equipment and products such as energy conservation, water conservation and materials.
Short comment: It is not difficult to find that the most prominent feature of this bill is that "the big stick is hard and the carrot is sweet." The Act stipulates rigid restraint measures for high-consumption and high-emission behaviors, and imposes strict penalties on various types of entities that fail to perform their legal obligations, so as to ensure the effective implementation of the law, which can be described as "big sticks hard"; The incentive policy of the bill also has certain appeal to enterprises. Through a series of incentive policies to support and promote enterprises and other related entities, the circular economy is consciously and voluntarily developed. This is also called “carrot sweetnessâ€. In the previous relevant legislation, some highlighted the coercive power of the law, ignoring the "induction" and "encourage"; some emphasized the emphasis on incentives and neglected the mandatory function of the law. But in fact, "big sticks" and "carrots" are "two hands" that cannot be ignored for environmental protection and energy conservation laws. This "two hands" are interdependent and interacting to serve the "Circular Economy Promotion Law."
For the first time in ten years, the fiscal policy was 4 trillion yuan to expand domestic demand. On November 5, 2008, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council presided over the State Council executive meeting to study and deploy measures to further expand domestic demand and promote steady and rapid economic growth. Initial calculations will require an investment of 4 trillion yuan by the end of 2010. The meeting held that in the past two months, the world economic and financial crisis has become increasingly severe. In order to resist the adverse impact of the international economic environment on China, it is necessary to adopt flexible and prudent macroeconomic policies to cope with the complicated and volatile situation. The meeting identified ten measures to further expand domestic demand and promote economic growth. It involves speeding up people's livelihood projects, infrastructure, ecological environment construction and post-disaster reconstruction, raising the income level of urban and rural residents, especially low-income groups, and promoting ten measures such as steady and rapid economic growth.
Short comment: In the context of the risk of the economy facing a rapid decline, this move shows the determination of the Chinese government to maintain growth with a proactive fiscal policy. In the current economic slowdown at home and abroad, the initiation of a proactive fiscal policy is clearly a very timely response. In the economic downturn, fiscal policy can even play a more direct and effective role than monetary policy. The policy will have different manifestations for the machinery industry in different sub-sectors: First, the railway equipment manufacturing industry, benefiting from the country's strong demand for railway transportation construction, the industry boom in the next two years, demand is stable; second, construction machinery manufacturing The risk is that some of the demand is affected by the decline in the new construction area of ​​the real estate. Rotary drilling rigs and concrete machinery are the biggest beneficiaries of the economic stimulus plan, followed by bulldozers, engineering cranes, excavators and loaders; forklifts have the lowest benefit.
The first major tax – the VAT transformation plan was approved by the State Council’s executive meeting on November 5, 2008, and the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation’s China’s largest tax category, the VAT transformation reform plan, was decided from January 2009. From the 1st, the VAT reform will be implemented in all regions and all industries in China. This means that the production-type VAT that China has adopted since 1994 will be transformed into an internationally-used consumption-type VAT. According to estimates by the Ministry of Finance, the fiscal reform is expected to reduce revenue by more than 120 billion yuan, which is the largest reduction in tax reduction for individual tax reform in Chinese history. In 2007, only domestic value-added tax revenue exceeded 1.5 trillion yuan, accounting for 31% of the annual tax revenue.
Short comment: The timely introduction of VAT reform will play an important role in enhancing the development potential of enterprises, improving the competitiveness and risk resistance of Chinese enterprises, and overcoming the adverse impact of the international financial crisis on China's economy. It will provide a new round of opportunities for the development of enterprises, and will further encourage the development of SMEs through taxation and other policies such as raising the value-added tax and business tax threshold.
Adjustment of export tax rebate rate for mechanical and electrical products On November 12, 2008, the State Council executive meeting decided to support labor-intensive small and medium-sized enterprises to support industrial optimization and upgrading. Based on the increase in export tax rebate rate in the second half of this year, since December 1, 2008 On the day, further increase the export tax rebate rate for some labor-intensive products, mechanical and electrical products and other affected products. In order to implement the decision of the State Council, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation recently issued the Notice of the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation on Improving the Export Tax Rebate Rate for Goods-Intensive Products and Other Goods. (Cai Shui [2008] No. 144). The notice clarified the specific scope of 3770 items of goods with higher tax rebate rate. The main contents are as follows: the tax rebate rate for some rubber products such as tires, main parts or all forest products with artificial fast-growing materials as raw materials increased from 5% to 9%; The tax rebate rate for some molds and glassware for metal extrusion molds increased from 5% to 11%; the tax rebate rate for some mechanical and electrical products such as agricultural pumps, motorcycles, bicycles, and household appliances increased from 9% to 11%, 11 % increased to 13% and 13% increased to 14%.
Short comment: The adjustment of tax rebate rate for export products is another component of China's active fiscal policy adopted by China to actively respond to the current complex and volatile domestic and international economic situation, which is conducive to alleviating enterprise difficulties and enhancing confidence in overcoming the financial crisis. Among them, the adjustment of the export tax rebate rate of mechanical and electrical products is conducive to reducing the cost of enterprises and releasing production capacity, especially providing more opportunities for SMEs and alleviating their development pressure.
The People's Bank of China cut interest rates for the fifth time and adjusted the deposit reserve ratio for the ninth time. The People's Bank of China decided to reduce the benchmark interest rate for one-year RMB deposits and loans by 0.27 percentage points from December 23, 2008, and the benchmark interest rates for deposits and loans for other maturities. Make the appropriate adjustments. At the same time, the central bank's refinancing and rediscount rate will be lowered. From December 25, 2008, the RMB deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions was lowered by 0.5 percentage points. This is the fifth time the central bank lowered the benchmark interest rate for loans in 2008 and the ninth time to cut the deposit reserve ratio. Since September 2008, in the context of the global response to the global financial crisis, the People's Bank of China cut interest rates three times in a row, cut the deposit reserve ratio twice, and lifted the credit limit in December 2008.
Short comment: The interest rate cut again in the short term is related to China's November 2008 CPI data, PPI data, foreign trade import and export data, etc., all of which accelerated the decline. In this context, it is imperative to further implement loose monetary policy to stimulate domestic demand. The interest rate cut is positive for preventing the economy from continuing to fall too fast. This is a concrete manifestation of the “moderately loose monetary policy†determined by the central government. It reflects that the government can flexibly use monetary policy to amplify the money supply according to the actual situation of China's economy, and continue to vigorously release the policy signal of “guaranteeing growthâ€.
The “major special project†was approved. On December 24, 2008, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council presided over the State Council executive meeting to review and approve the principled implementation plan of “high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipmentâ€. “High-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment†is one of the 16 major national science and technology projects identified by China from 2006 to 2020. The special goal is to focus on the development of high-end CNC machine tools needed for aerospace, marine, automobile manufacturing, power generation equipment manufacturing, etc., to meet the basic needs of manufacturing equipment in major domestic industries. The “major special project†put forward the expected goal: by 2020, the independent development capability of the main products of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment will be formed. The overall technical level will enter the international advanced ranks, and some products will be internationally leading; the establishment of complete functional components research and development and supporting Ability; form a technological innovation system with enterprise as the main body, combining production, study and research; cultivate and establish a high-quality research and development team. In addition, major projects have also set phased goals for 2010 and 2015.
Short comment: The passage of “major special project†is a major benefit of the machine tool industry. The implementation of “major special projects†will effectively promote the structural adjustment of China's machine tool industry and greatly enhance our innovation capability. Wu Bolin used the "most support for the development of the domestic CNC machine tool industry since the founding of the People's Republic of China" to describe the significant significance of the implementation of major special projects on the development of the domestic machine tool industry. The special plan will focus on solving the outstanding problems in China's CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment industry: the weak independent development capability, the professional supporting system has not yet formed, the development of functional components lags behind, the product automation level is low, and the reliability and precision retention are poor.
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