How to improve the effect of using phosphate fertilizer in wheat fields

(1) Mixing with organic fertilizer and applying after fermentation. Organic fertilizer is rich in organic matter, carbonic acid and a variety of organic weak acids, which can make insoluble phosphorus into soluble phosphorus. At the same time, when the organic fertilizer is mixed with the phosphate fertilizer, the contact surface of the phosphate fertilizer and the soil can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the fixation of the soil to phosphorus. Stacking method: In the half month before application, mix 1 to 6 parts of organic fertilizer with 10 parts of organic fertilizer and mix it. The outside is sealed with mud to prevent loss of fertilizer efficiency. According to the experiments in the cities: the mixture of superphosphate and organic fertilizer was fertilized and applied to the wheat field, which was 23.1% higher than that directly applied to the wheat field.

(2) Combined with nitrogen fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer. According to the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc and other nutrient requirements of wheat, when applying phosphate fertilizer, the scientific formula of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer and zinc fertilizer can not only effectively supplement the soil nutrient deficiency, but also improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer. 20 to 30%. Its formula application ratio: generally high-yield wheat field, 4000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer per mu, 50 kg of standard phosphate fertilizer, 30 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer, 12 kg of standard potassium fertilizer, 1.5 kg of zinc sulfate in the zinc-deficient plot; 3000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer, 50 kg of standard phosphate fertilizer, 35 kg of standard nitrogen fertilizer, 8 kg of standard potassium fertilizer and 1 kg of zinc sulfate.

(3) Adopting a centralized application method. The concentrated application of phosphate fertilizer can effectively reduce the contact surface with the soil, thus reducing the effective phosphorus in the phosphate fertilizer by the calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminum and other elements in the soil. Especially in yellow soil, red soil, calcareous soil, yellow soil, sand ginger black soil and other types of clay soil, the application of phosphate fertilizer is more likely to be fixed by the soil. Studies have shown that the application of phosphorus fertilizer concentrates can increase the utilization rate by 28%, and the yield of wheat can increase by 11.8%. Method of application: Before planting wheat, according to the planting row spacing, first use a planter to apply the phosphate fertilizer 8 to 10 cm deep, and then use the second planter to sow, so that the wheat seeds and the phosphate fertilizer are staggered by 1 to 2 cm to prevent damage. bud.

(4) Phosphate fertilizer should be used due to soil system. In order to improve the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer should be used for soil. On neutral and calcareous alkaline soils, water-soluble superphosphate is used. Calcium superphosphate is weakly acidic and can neutralize alkali in soil. Weakly alkaline calcium magnesium phosphate is used on acidic soil. Alkaline fertilizer can not only enhance its fertilizer efficiency, but also neutralize the acid in the soil and avoid the harm of acid to wheat roots.

(5) The amount of phosphate fertilizer should be appropriate. According to the test results of phosphate fertilizer in the moderately fertile wheat field in Changle County, the increase in the number of wheat per kg of standard phosphate fertilizer decreased with the increase of the amount of phosphate fertilizer. However, when the dosage was too small, the yield per unit area was not significant, and 55 kg per mu was applied. The yield increase is best. Generally, the application rate of the wheat field is preferably 50-60 kg.

(6) Spraying on the outer leaves of the roots. In the period from wheat jointing to booting and filling, add 2 to 3 kg of superphosphate to clear the water, filter off the residue, mix 50-60 kg into the clear water, spray once in the jointing and filling stages of the wheat, and increase the yield. ~6%. Or spray 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution outside the root, spray 60-80 kg per acre, spray three times, there is obvious strong stalk anti-falling effect, can increase production by 4.6 ~ 8.1%. Spraying outside the roots should be carried out on sunny days after 3 pm or on cloudy days. Use a sprayer to align the wheat plants with “one turn and one buckle, four sides to penetrate” spray, so that the plant leaves are evenly stained on the front and back sides. .

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