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1. Energy conservation and emission reduction, promoting environmental protection, and prohibiting the export of some processing trade commodities
In order to optimize the structure of China's export commodities, curb the export of high-pollution and high-risk commodities, and promote the transformation and upgrading of processing trade, on April 5, 2008, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs jointly issued Announcement No. 22 of 2008, promulgating 2008. Catalogue of prohibited trade in processing trade. A total of five products in the machine tool industry continue to be listed in the catalogue of prohibited exports, namely natural abrasives such as corundum, natural corundum sand (heading number 25132000), brown corundum (heading number 28181010), and Other artificial corundum (heading 28181090). Silicon carbide (heading 28492000), boron carbide (heading number 28499010).
At present, the international community's call for China to undertake energy conservation and emission reduction obligations is growing, and the catalogue of prohibited and restricted categories will still be dynamically adjusted, and the threshold for processing trade will be higher and higher. Industry enterprises should increase investment in technological transformation, eliminate low-end products with low technical level, backward production technology, easy to cause trade friction, develop high-tech, high value-added, high-tech products, and implement environmental protection concepts throughout Production and processing.
2. The state applies a discount policy to technologies and products that encourage imports.
In order to actively expand the import of resource products and technology products that are in short supply in China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce jointly issued the Notice on Issuing the Catalogue of Encouraging Imported Technologies and Products (Development and Reform Industry [2007] No. 2515). For the Chinese enterprises to introduce advanced technology, import important equipment, develop key industries and import resource products, raw materials to encourage, the state gives them discount support.
The important equipments involved in the machine tool industry in the Catalogue of Encouraging Imported Technologies and Products are:
(1) Encourage the introduction of advanced technology: design and manufacturing technology for high-end CNC machine tools and functional components.
(2) Important equipment to encourage import: boring and milling machining center, flexible processing unit, turning center, CNC grinding machine, gantry CNC milling machine, metal honing machine, universal hydraulic machine, diamond hydraulic machine, CNC cutting machine, etc. (See Appendix 1 for details)
(3) Key industries that encourage development: key parts and tool manufacturing of CNC machine tools; high-speed, precision CNC machine tools, CNC systems, AC servo devices, and linear motors manufactured in conjunction with three axes or more.
In order to do a good job in trade balance promotion, standardize and strengthen the management of import discount funds, improve the use efficiency of fiscal funds, and cooperate with the specific implementation of the Catalogue of Encouraging Imported Technologies and Products, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce have also formulated the management of import discount funds. Interim Measures (Caiye [2007] No. 205).
Third, customs import and export commodities classified
In order to facilitate the consignee and consignor of import and export goods and their agents to correctly determine the classification of goods for import and export goods, reduce the disputes on the classification of goods, and ensure the uniformity of customs classification of goods under the Customs, according to the Customs import and export goods of the People's Republic of China "Regulations on the Administration of Classes" (Order No. 158 of the General Administration of Customs), the General Administration of Customs issued the "Decision on the Publication of Commodity Classification in 2007" (No. 71 of 2007) on December 5, 2007, and from now on Effective.
The decision clearly classifies 112 items based on product descriptions, including four items in the machine tool industry. CNC PBC forming machine belongs to the printing circuit board cutting and forming machine, which belongs to the tariff code column 84659200; the rolling slide (linear guide) belongs to the machine tool parts and should be classified into the relevant sub-items of 8466; the CNC tool magazine disc is the machining center. Attachments, which should be classified as tariff codes 84663000; old milling heads are special attachments for boring and milling machines (products under heading 8459), which should be classified as tax rules according to “Special accessories for machines listed in headings 8456 to 8461â€. Head 84669300.
After the announcement of the classification of commodities in 2007, the General Administration of Customs has successively issued a classification decision for some commodities. Now, the commodities related to the machine tool industry tax number are summarized and summarized. See Appendix 2 for details.
4. The state regulates government procurement of imported products.
In order to implement the "Notice of the State Council on the Implementation of the National Medium- and Long-Term Science and Technology Development Plan (2006-2020)> A number of supporting policies, promote and promote the implementation of independent innovation government procurement policies, and regulate the procurement of imported products, according to The "Government Procurement Law of the People's Republic of China" and related laws and regulations, the Ministry of Finance has formulated the "Administrative Measures for Government Procurement of Imported Products", which will be implemented on December 27, 2007.
The method stipulates that government procurement should give priority to the procurement of domestic products. If it is necessary to purchase imported products, audit management will be implemented. When purchasing imported products, we should adhere to the principle of promoting independent innovation or digesting and absorbing core technologies of domestic enterprises, and preferentially purchase products that transfer technology, provide training services and other compensation trade measures to us. It is the unshirkable duty of the government to use government procurement to support domestic industrial development and independent innovation. It is also a common practice in countries all over the world. At present, the main methods for foreign governments to protect their government procurement markets and support independent innovation are:
1. The local products and labor content of international procurement are regulated to protect domestic enterprises. For example, the Israeli government requires that at least 35% of international purchases should be purchased domestically. The United States requires international procurement to purchase at least 50% of domestic raw materials and products.
2. Give preferential prices to domestic bidders. For example, Poland gives 20% discount to domestic bidders, and the United States gives domestic bidders 10% to 30% price concessions.
3. Public procurement units should fully consider the requirements of domestic industrial development and purchase domestic goods as much as possible. For example, the United States Purchasing Law stipulates that domestic products should be preferentially purchased.
4. For the legitimate reasons of national security and environmental protection, foreign suppliers are prohibited or restricted from entering the government procurement market, such as Australia's strict restrictions on environmental products.
5. Import and export enterprises must be managed separately by category
In order to encourage enterprises to abide by the law and self-discipline, improve the efficiency of customs administration, and ensure the safety and convenience of import and export trade, according to the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China and other relevant laws and administrative regulations, the General Administration of Customs issued on January 30, 2008. Customs Enterprise Classification Management Measures. This method is only applicable to the consignees and consignors of import and export goods and customs declaration enterprises registered with the customs. The Customs sets five management categories AA, A, B, C and D according to the company's compliance with laws, administrative regulations, customs regulations, relevant integrity regulations and business management conditions, as well as customs supervision and statistical records. Develop corresponding differential management measures for companies in different management categories. These Measures shall come into force on April 1, 2008.
In order to implement the scientific development concept, actively transform the economic growth mode, and further coordinate international economic and trade relations and promote the coordinated development of foreign trade, the state has recently introduced a series of import and export trade policies, such as the catalogue of prohibited trade in processing trade, and the encouragement of imported technologies and products. Catalogue, government procurement of imported products management methods, etc. At the same time, the General Administration of Customs has accelerated the reform of the collection and management system, further enhanced the capacity of collection and management, improved the efficiency of customs administration, formulated the classification management measures for customs enterprises, and announced the classification of customs import and export commodities. According to the machine tool industry, this paper selectively introduces the following recent import and export policies related to the industry.