Common pests and diseases of main crops and their control points

Common pests and diseases of major crops and their control points are collected for reference by farmers. First introduce rice pests and diseases as follows:

Second, the stemming stage of rice in Sanhua is most beneficial to larval intrusion. It is the key prevention period. Fluoricillin benzamide, high chloride·methyl salt, insecticidal double, insecticidal, chlorpyrifos, triazophos, flubendiamide, cyhalothrin, etc.

The larvae are leafy in a longitudinal shape, feeding on the mesophyll and leaving a white epidermis. When the hazard is heavy, the white leaves are everywhere. Avermectin + chlorpyrifos, flubendiamide, high chloride, methyl salt, triazophos, flubendiamide, cyhalothrin, carbaryl salt, etc.

Early rice at the end of May - early June, six times 7 on the main damage generation; late rice 9 in the middle, 10 early is harmful. Pre-pressure control strategy, nymphal application. Rice worms such as buprofezin, isoprocarb, thiamethoxam, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, dichlorvos, chlorpyrifos, flubendiamide, butyl thiocarbamate, and methomyl

The main occurrence occurs in South China and Southwest China. The middle and late rice seedlings are the most severely affected period. The affected rice plants can not be headed as "onion". Quetiapine rice blast

Easy to spread from tillering to jointing stage, in the early stage of the disease, the effect of prevention and treatment is obvious sulfur, tricyclazole, rice blast and other sheath blight

Rice tillers began to occur, and the incidence was the strongest before and after booting. Plutella xylostella, such as Jinggangmycin, polymycin, triadimefon

Malignant pests of vegetables. March-June, September-November are two peaks, and autumn is heavier than spring. Low age control is better. Beaver abs, Spodoptera, Spiropterin, chlorfenapyr, chlorfenapyr, tebufenozide, dibutyl ether urea, spinosyn

1. Beet armyworm: intermittent pests can occur on an annual basis. It is best to apply medicine in the evening.
2, Spodoptera litura: concentrated before the 3rd age, is a critical period of prevention and control. It is best to apply medicine in the evening. Fluorothera, chlorfluazuron, flubendiamide, high chloride·methyl salt, BT, chlorpyrifos, carbaryl, chlorfenapyr, tebufenozide, spinosad, etc.

Adults eat leaves and larvae eat roots. The application is enclosed, and the foliar spray is combined with pouring. Underground pests such as scorpion venom, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, dichlorvos, phoxim, butyl thiocarbamate, acetamiprid, imidacloprid, malathion, etc. - tiger, cockroach, cockroach, golden worm, cockroach

Soft rot, such as insects, chlorpyrifos, phoxim, carbofuran, avermectin

Bacterial diseases, once every 7-10 days in the early stage of the disease, 2-3 times in a row. It was found that the initial diseased plant was used to timely water the diseased plants and surrounding copper plants (copper acetate, copper hydroxide, etc.), leaf azole, agricultural streptomycin, oxytetracycline and other white rust.

At the beginning of the disease, the application of metalaxyl, aluminum triethylphosphonate aphid

Prevention and treatment at the initial stage of the disease, continuous use of drugs 2-3 times, melon horses, white meal mites: 5-9 months into the peak of imidacloprid, acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, cyhalothrin, methomyl The larvae, melon, acesulfame, and avermectin are selected from the larvae of the melons, melons, and pyrethroids in the morning after the dry dew on the sunny day until 2 o'clock in the afternoon. Su, cypermethrin <br> blight, damping-off disease propamocarb, hymexazol, quintozene, thiram, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl and other powdery mildew, rust incidence of early start spraying , triazole pesticides <br> downy key is administered before the onset of the protective fungicides pesticide, therapeutic agent is administered after the onset of rotation. Ethyl phosphine aluminum, metalaxyl, cymoxanil, enoylmorpholine, flumorph, fumagillin and other therapeutic pesticide fungicides and protective broad-spectrum pesticides such as mancozeb, dexamethasone, and chlorothalonil the early onset of the disease agent <br> start spraying, dosing interval of 7-10 days. Continuous control 2-3 times. Protective pesticide fungicides such as ethyl phosphine aluminum, metalaxyl, cymoxanil, enoylmorpholine, flumorph and fumagillin, and protective broad-spectrum fungicides such as mancozeb, dexamethasone, and chlorothalonil Anthrax is the same as carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, bromolocidonitrile, prochloraz, etc., and protective broad-spectrum fungicides such as mancozeb, thiram, thiram, and chlorothalonil in wilt disease At the beginning of the onset of the strain, the drug is administered at intervals of 7-10 days, such as carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim, allicin, pentachloronitrobenzene, thiram, etc. Spraying, every 7-10 days, bacterial venom, hydrochloric acid morpholinium, ribavirin, ningnanmycin and copper, zinc preparations to regulate crop disease resistance, etc. Medicine, medication interval 7-10 days, continuous control 3-4 times to see soft rot control agent Bean pods, beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura 1, pea pods: June-September is the most serious. Prevention and treatment should be "treating the flowers and treating the pods" and spraying them twice. The pods often invade the petals during the morning pods, and the control of the pods should be carried out in the morning after the dew is dried. The best control effect is the beet armyworm, Spodoptera litura: the control of the young larvae, and the best avermectin in the evening. , hexaflumuron, avidin, tebufenozide, insecticidal, triazophos, pyrethroids and other species of Liriomyza flies selected in the morning after the morning dew to dry until 2 o'clock in the afternoon before the adult activity period, targeting the lower part of the plant Spray. Ampicillin, imidacloprid, dichlorvos, avermectin, beta-cypermethrin aphid, whitefly, mites, mites, white powder, mites, powdery mildew, rust, hot and humid weather is still conducive to the onset. Rainy weather has an inhibitory effect on powdery mildew. Among the cultivation factors, the field is closed, the ventilation and light transmission is not easy to induce the disease. When the disease is caused by powdery mildew and rust disease of leafy vegetables, when the spring season turns warmer and the rainy season comes, the bacteria will produce conidia, with wind and rain. Spreading, from the epidermal wounds and stomatal invasion of the host tissue, causing tissue necrosis, showing sick wilt and root rot disease. The more times the mites are repeated, the larger the amount of bacteria accumulated in the soil, and the heavier the disease. The relationship between soil temperature and humidity and disease. The onset temperature of melon wilt is low, and the optimal temperature for the disease is 20-23 °C. After the watering, it will encounter heavy rain, and the disease will suddenly increase and see the dead, tripped and withered to prevent the solanaceous fruit.

Bacterial wilt, ulcerated slightly acidic soil occurs, while slightly alkaline soil is mild. The high temperature and high humidity environment is suitable for the occurrence of diseases. Therefore, it will turn fine after a long rain or heavy rain, and the temperature will rise sharply, which will cause serious disease. See the angle of spot, soft rot, the most suitable temperature for the early onset of the disease is 28-30 ° C. If the rainy season comes early, the rainfall is large, the rainy days, the disease is easy to be popular. Planting continuous cropping, low humidity, poor drainage, easy to develop in the field. Cropping wilt incidence mancozeb, iprodione, cymoxanil, chlorothalonil <br> infestans metalaxyl, mancozeb, zineb, ziram, chlorothalonil weight. The more times the mites are repeated, the larger the amount of bacteria accumulated in the soil, and the heavier the disease. The relationship between soil temperature and humidity and disease. The onset temperature of melon wilt is low, and the optimal temperature for onset is 20-23 °C. When it is rained, it will suddenly increase.
Botrytis cinerea Botrytis cinerea can be wintered in the soil, spread by airflow, water and farming operations, and spreads rapidly under conditions of high humidity and low temperature in spring. High temperature and drought of viral diseases such as iprodione, carbendazim, procymidone, and pyrimethanil are beneficial to the onset. Field management is largely spread by locusts.
The fruiting period of Litchi scorpion worm is the key to prevention and control. After the lychee is hanged, it is sprayed in the adult emergence period, and sprayed once every 5 days. It is necessary to eliminate the pests in the early stage of adult spawning. Chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, triazophos, avermectin and other swaying branches have pseudo-death. In 3-4 months, adults develop large-scale activities to feed, and April-May is the peak period of spawning. Prevention and treatment. The Phytophthora and other Phytophthora infestans in the flower bud stage, the young fruit stage and the fruit near the maturity stage. The control agent for the downy mildew disease begins with the mid-April period, from late April to early May. At the peak of the onset of citrus red spiders, the central plant was re-treated with diesel, engine oil, sputum, dicofol, dicofol, avermectin, amitraz, monomethyl hydrazine, thioxanthone, and ketone. And rust niches such as organotins (triazole tin, phenbutyltin, triphosphorus) are from late April to late August. When there are some black rind and rust plaques in the garden, timely prevention and control of avermectin, butyl thiocarbazone, scorpion, organotin and other nymphs occur mainly around mid-May and July. In the middle to late ~ end of August, early September, September, killing phosphorus, chlorpyrifos, buprofezin, omethoate, quetiapine and other submerged leaf moths in the spray protection. Ulvastatin, chlorpyrifos, pyrethroids, chlorfenapyr, butyl thiocarbazone and other ulcerative diseases such as leaf azole, Bordeaux mixture, copper preparation, etc. can refer to bacterial diseases. Banana leaf spot disease begins to occur every year from April to June. Spraying is started every 15 days. Continuous spraying 2-3 times of propiconazole, difenoconazole, anthrax, spraying at intervals, spraying once every 15 days, spraying 2-3 times of prochloraz, iprodione, carbendazim, methyl sulfide benomyl Bordeaux mixture wheat wheat aphid carbosulfan, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate, phoxim, dichlorvos, imidacloprid, pyrethroid like wheat spider dimethoate, malathion <br> powdery mildew triazolone, Triazoles, diniconazoles, propiconazoles and other triazoles and carbendazim and other triazolone, diniconazole, propiconazole and other triazole pesticides fungicides smut triazolone, triazolol, and more Bacteriophage, thiophanate-methyl, thiram, etc. corn, corn, triazophos, avermectin, phoxim, carbofuran and other small spot disease propiconazole, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, ene Oxazol, rice blast, big spot disease, propiconazole, carbendazim, diniconazole, rice glutinous rice, etc.