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Historical Review China's helmet production began in the 1950s and 1960s. At the time, the mine used a cap of plaster tape, and the rest were hand-made rattan, wicker and bamboo hats. These safety helmets have good air permeability, but they are brittle after being exposed to the sun, rain, and rain. They are difficult to guarantee safety. In the late 1970s, the Shanghai shipbuilding industry used plastic polycarbonate as the first generation plastic safety helmet to solve the problem that rattan wicker caps could not resist welding sparks and welding slag. Since then, new generations of hard hats such as vinylon, epoxy resin fiberglass, and ABS plastics have been successively developed. Under the new situation of reform, opening up, and economic development, foreign-funded enterprises began to manufacture helmets for foreign brands in China, and China's helmet industry has entered a new stage of development.
Since 1981, the state has promulgated the “Hard Hat†and “Test Methods for Hard Hats†and began to implement uniform monitoring of the production quality of hard hats. With the rapid development of the national economy, the market has increased the demand for safety helmets and increased the number of hard hat manufacturers. Foreign counterparts have also entered China to seek development. Some companies have begun to process safety helmets for foreign customers in accordance with international standards. After years of development, it has formed a situation where the categories are relatively complete, the variety is diverse, the quality of high-middle and low-end coexistence, the market circulation channels are diversified, and users can select and start exporting to foreign countries on an as-needed basis.
Industry status According to the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) announced that it has obtained a list of certified enterprise catalogues for industrial production licenses nationwide, by the end of 2011, there were 210 certified hard hat manufacturers in China, distributed in 21 provinces and cities across the country. Among them, enterprises in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Hebei, Shandong, and Anhui provinces are relatively concentrated, accounting for 64% of the national helmet manufacturers (excluding unlicensed manufacturers and custom-made enterprises for foreign processing).
More than 80 million employees are required to wear hard hats in China, and at least 50 million caps must be purchased each year. Annual exports to Russia, Europe, the Middle East about 10 million. Based on industry sampling surveys, 210 license-producing companies across the country annually produce between 30 and 35 million hard hats, and their sales increase year by year, with an annual increase of over 10%.
China needs more than 50 million helmets annually, 210 certified companies actually provide 3 000 to 35 million heads, and there are still 15 million to 20 million heads, that is, 30% to 40% of helmets are unlicensed. Enterprise production. This means that 30% to 40% of helmets worn by current employees are counterfeit products. The lack of safety helmets produced by unlicensed companies, as a result of the lack of supervision by relevant state agencies, poses a great threat to the safety of users and disrupts the normal market order.
Development Trends China's helmets account for 12% of the total market for medical care products. According to the annual purchase amount of labor protection products of 500 billion yuan, the annual purchase amount of helmets is 6 billion yuan. China's hard hat industry has great room for development at home and abroad.
The competition for brands will intensify, and the market share of qualified hard hats will gradually expand. More than 500,000 helmets with an annual output of more than 10,000 helmets will continue to strive to expand market share and strive for overseas markets, striving to become the industry's “leaderâ€. Small businesses will strive to improve product quality and take the road of joint development. The concentration of hard hat manufacturing enterprises in Jiangsu, Anhui, Shandong, and other industrial cluster areas should continue to increase the degree of industrial concentration and form distinctive and common industrial clusters. Gradual formation of brand enterprises to split the "big market", small businesses occupy the "small market" situation.
The traditional circulation channels continue to expand, and network sales will become a new form of sales. Currently, the commercial distribution channels for labor protection products are spread all over the country. It has a strong market base and radiation effects. The cooperation between production and sales companies is much greater than the market forces alone. Therefore, further increasing the proportion of sales in circulation will be the only way. Hard hat manufacturing and sales companies should use the Internet to sell products, which will become a new type of sales model.
The market demand for hard hats will gradually shift towards mid-to-high-end development. As the country continues to strengthen the supervision of production safety and the company’s awareness of the improvement of work-related accidents, the market’s requirements for hard hat brands and performance will increase, and the construction market will gradually Abandon the poor helmet and turn to a 10 to 20 yuan mid-range helmet. The state-owned shipbuilding, metallurgy, and electric power industries will continue to purchase high-end safety helmets ranging from RMB 20 to RMB 30. In short, improving the quality of safety helmets, adhering to the market for mid-range safety helmets, developing market space for high-grade safety helmets, and actively participating in international market competition are the development trends of the hard hat market.
Market supervision will further strengthen the casualty accidents caused by shoddy helmets produced by unlicensed companies. The media has repeatedly exposed it, causing the government's supervisory departments to attach great importance to it. It is necessary to contain the arrogance of unlicensed companies through strong social media, and the counterfeit helmets can be contained.
Improve the technical content of hard hats to achieve safety, aesthetics, light weight, and versatility The current international safety helmets are undergoing a higher level of technological innovation. A thorough investigation should be conducted to understand the trends in the development of helmets in various countries, especially in developed countries. New technologies, new products, new materials, new processes, and new methods should be introduced in a timely manner to facilitate digestion and absorption, independent innovation, independent intellectual property rights, and enhance wearing comfort and stability. Sex, development of headgear, ear protection, mouth and nose, communication devices and other components that are compatible with the hat, and improve the hat's comprehensive protection function, and strive to achieve a stylish, lightweight, portable, low-carbon, environmental protection, and strive for more domestic security Cap to the world.
Hard hats are an important part of special labor protection products. For decades, China's hard hat industry has grown from hand-made to machine production, and its output, quality, variety, and sales network have greatly improved and improved. It satisfies the needs of safe production and emergency relief, and provides stability for the industry. Development made a contribution.
The hard hat industry has many small businesses and low industry concentration. It is a disadvantaged industry. It has difficulties in development. In addition to market confusion, it is harder to develop due to a large number of shoddy and inferior products. It is really necessary for companies to rely on their own efforts. The state gives support and help. The first is to strengthen supervision, especially to strengthen the supervision over the use of units, so that the shoddy helmets do not have a market, open the way for quality helmets; the second is to give enterprises support in terms of loans, taxes and fees, to help them solve the difficulty of upgrading products The third is to give specific guidance to companies with export potential so that their products can go abroad smoothly.
China's hard hat products and international similar products do not exist in the gap. However, due to the conditions of production equipment, production technology, raw material supply, and user economic ability, there is still a gap between China's safety helmet products and foreign developed countries in terms of raw material performance, product appearance quality, wearing comfort, and product design concepts. If the above problems are brought to the attention of producers, the overall level of safety helmets will be promoted.
People in developed nations use valves in their daily lives, including plumbing valves, such as taps for tap water, gas control valves on cookers, small valves fitted to washing machines and dishwashers, safety devices fitted to hot water systems, and poppet valves in car engines.
In nature there are valves, for example one-way valves in veins controlling the blood circulation, and heart valves controlling the flow of blood in the chambers of the heart and maintaining the correct pumping action.
Valves may be operated manually, either by a handle, lever, pedal or wheel. Valves may also be automatic, driven by changes in pressure, temperature, or flow. These changes may act upon a diaphragm or a piston which in turn activates the valve, examples of this type of valve found commonly are safety valves fitted to hot water systems or boilers.
More complex control systems using valves requiring automatic control based on an external input (i.e., regulating flow through a pipe to a changing set point) require an actuator. An actuator will stroke the valve depending on its input and set-up, allowing the valve to be positioned accurately, and allowing control over a variety of requirements.
The safety helmet protects the head of the operator to avoid or reduce the impact of flying objects, falling objects, and hard objects such as impact and squeezing. Whether its quality is good or not and whether it is worn correctly is directly related to the safety of workers. China's production of safety helmets has a long history.