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Abstract: The composite low-temperature source heat pump water heater is a device that uses hot air, solar radiation and so on as a low-temperature heat source. The content, method and progress of the unit research are introduced. The structure, characteristics and test results of the air source heat pump water heater are analyzed in this paper. Preliminary results show that the composite low-temperature source heat pump water heater unit will become one of the most competitive hot water supply systems due to its technical advantages and energy-saving advantages. Potential Market Potential of Water Units 0 Research Background Traditional domestic hot water installations usually use electric boilers, oil-fired boilers, gas boilers or household electric water heaters, gas water heaters and solar water heaters. The thermal efficiency of these devices is low, a large amount of energy consumption, is not conducive to environmental protection. Solar water heater initial installation cost is higher, and affected by climate and installation conditions. Heat pump to achieve the transfer of heat from low temperature to high temperature, high coefficient of performance. Therefore, as a hot water preparation device, the heat pump system has been more and more widely used. Heat pump is done by doing work to heat the medium from low temperature to high temperature medium flow device. Heat pump and refrigerator work principle and process are exactly the same, the only difference is that the purpose of the application is different: the purpose of the refrigerator is to remove heat from low-temperature heat source, or get cold, such as home refrigerators, air conditioners, etc .; usually The heat pump is to get a higher temperature for the purpose of heat. However, how to use this technology to make hot water, especially how to make use of air and solar radiation as a composite low temperature source to produce hot water, is still a technology to be developed and improved. Composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit is the use of air, solar radiation, etc. as a low-temperature heat source, through the mechanical work of these low-temperature heat transfer to the hot water heat exchanger, making 40 ℃ ~ 60 ℃ hot water, the output power And the ratio of input power (referred to as COP value) can reach 4 or more, that is made of the same hot water, the power consumption is only 1/4 of the electric water heater. The composite low temperature source can maximize the COP value of the heat pump to expand its use range and range. The compound low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit can overcome the defects of low energy efficiency and heavy pollution, such as electric hot water boiler, fuel hot water boiler and electric water heater, and greatly increase the efficiency. Therefore, this technology is energy-saving and has significant environmental benefits. Utilizing renewable energy, it is an energy-saving technology and a low-grade heat utilization technology in energy conversion and transmission. The theoretical basis of the heat pump originated in the nineteenth century Carnarvon paper. Until the 20th century 20-30 years, heat pump equipment development has made rapid development. At that time, the United Kingdom installed the first heat pump to use air as a source of heat for hot water supply and heating. In 1937, Japan built a large-scale building with a heat pump air-conditioning system using low-temperature spring water as its source. Before and after 1950, Britain and the United States started to use the underground coil to absorb geothermal heat as a household heat pump research. Due to the impact of the oil crisis, the heat pump in the 70's to get greater development. Japan, Sweden and France and other countries to produce outdoor air as a heat source of small home heat pump. Britain and Germany have developed large heat pump units that combine heat recovery with commercial and public buildings. In recent years, our country has entered a stage of rapid development in the application of heat pump technology, especially the research and application of air source heat pump is progressing rapidly. Domestic researchers on the solar heat pump, water source heat pump and ground source heat pump applied research and engineering demonstration. These have played a very good role in promoting the application of heat pump in building heating and air conditioning. At present, the composite low-temperature heat pump heating technology and application research has just started. 1 Research Content and Progress 1.1 Main Contents and Methods of Research and Development 1.1.1 Main Contents of Research and Development Our cooperation between universities and enterprises mainly focuses on the design and optimization methods for different low-temperature heat sources, heat pump main engines and heat exchangers in complex low-temperature heat pump water heaters. Low temperature source heat pump system application technology, research and development and commercialization of complex low temperature source heat pump commercial complex low temperature source heat pump hot water unit, household composite low temperature source heat pump water heaters and related equipment. The main contents are as follows: 1) The basic research of composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water system: design and calculation methods and optimization of different low-temperature source heat exchangers; research on the characteristics of high-temperature source heat pump refrigerant; simulation of the composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water system optimization. 2) technology development of composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water system: solar heat collector, air heat exchanger and water - refrigerant heat exchanger heat exchanger technology and its miniaturization technology; heat pump hot water system for air-conditioning technology Development. 3) Industrialization of compound low-temperature source heat pump hot water system: development and production of applicable domestic composite low-temperature source heat pump water heaters and commercial low-temperature heat pump water heaters; development and production of various types of heat exchangers suitable for composite low- Heaters; market cultivation and development. The overall objective: To establish and develop heat transfer design and calculation methods and computer aided design of heat exchangers; To design and develop a prototype of composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit and to identify and promote; Products through the relevant national industry license certification and access to the corresponding patent And intellectual property rights; construction of composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water supply demonstration project, and to reach than the traditional hot water supply system operating costs reduced by 30%. 1.1.2 Research Methods 1) Theoretical Research: Based on the previous research work, a heat pump design method suitable for different low-temperature heat sources and hot water heat exchange systems is proposed. According to different conditions of use and application, to determine the design of the host selection. Through the theoretical improvement, in-depth analysis of physical phenomena and computer simulation methods to solve the complex low-temperature heat pump hot water system optimization design problems. 2) Experimental research: design, production, installation, commissioning of heat pump prototype. Mainly include the design of various heat exchangers, heat transfer enhancement and the miniaturization of the main body; the determination of various parameters of the prototype; the optimized design of the mainframe and its system. 3) Engineering application research and promotion: design and installation of composite low-temperature heat pump hot water system demonstration project, research and development of the corresponding parts, equipment and construction technology. 1.2 Research Progress 1.2.1 Unit Configuration The prototype of the first air source heat pump hot water unit we jointly developed has been completed. Heat pump water heater is composed of a refrigeration cycle, including the host and the condenser in two parts. The main part includes evaporator, fan, compressor and expansion valve; the condenser is a holding tank with condensing coil inside. See Figure 1. The refrigerant absorbs the heat of the outside air in the evaporator, releases heat within the condensing coil by the heat pump cycle, and heats the water in the tank. Water tank insulation with closed-cell rubber sponge or polyurethane foam, and has good insulation properties. 1.2.2 Characteristics of Unit 1) High Efficiency and Energy Saving: The hot water unit takes hot air as the low temperature heat source and consumes only 1/3 ~ 1/4 of the electric heater. With hot water of coal, oil and gas Compared to the unit, can save more than half of the operating costs. 2) Environmentally-friendly and pollution-free: This system runs without any combustions and emissions and is a sustainable and environment-friendly product. 3) safe and reliable operation: the operation of the system without the traditional flammable, explosive, poisoning, short circuit and other hazards that may exist in traditional water heaters (fuel or gas or electric water heaters), is a safe and reliable hot water system. 4) long service life, low maintenance costs: the unit's service life of up to 15 years or more; safe and reliable operation, and can achieve unmanned operation, automatic intelligent control. Comfortable and convenient, automated, high degree of intelligence, the system uses a self-controlled thermostat, 24h to provide constant temperature hot water. 5) A wide range of applications, free from the impact of climate: The hot water unit can be widely used in large and medium-sized hot water supply system in residential, hotel and public buildings and other places; the operation of the system is not affected by climate, can be run around the clock. See Table 1 for details. 1.2.3 unit test results of the unit developed by a more comprehensive test. Table 2 for the hot water supply capacity of the unit. The unit make full use of the heat of the environment, to provide users with hot water. The system is fully automatic control, household metering centralized display to ensure that the accurate measurement of the user charges. Such as the configuration of the water tank can be achieved during low-cost operation. Figure 2 shows the measured unit performance curve. As can be seen from the figure, as the outdoor temperature increases, the unit's COP value also increases. When the air temperature is above 6 ℃, the unit's COP value reaches 3 already. 2 Application Prospect As an effective energy-saving green product, the composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit will play more and more important role in the building heating system in our country. Composite low temperature source heat pump hot water unit can be used in the vast area of ​​our country south and north. Due to its advantages of low operating cost, high coefficient of performance and no pollution, the compound low-temperature source heat pump water heater unit is also highly competitive in many hot water preparation plants. Therefore, as a hot water heating system for the preparation of equipment, composite low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit will be more widely used. Compound low-temperature source heat pump hot water unit has great market potential and broad application prospects. Composite low-temperature heat pump water heaters as a commodity in the United States and other developed countries have matured, but in our country has just started. One of the important reasons is that our research on the application of the composite low-temperature source heat pump water heater unit is still not perfect. In particular, the research and summary of the influence of various composite low temperature sources on the design, installation and operation of the heat exchanger heat exchangers are almost empty. We will summarize the practical experience in design, installation and operation adjustment in time and formulate appropriate technical measures to promote the application of the technology and technical services to make the heating system safe, reliable, economical and effective. One of the water supply. 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