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The factory is located in a ravine 16 kilometers west of Guiyang. Surrounded by mountains on three sides, at an altitude of 1259 meters, the surface is rugged and the terrain is complex. The underground is the coal seam. In order to hide from the mountains, the three production workshops are distributed in three barren hills.
Today, Liusha has a total area of ​​150,000 square meters and a construction area of ​​over 50,000 square meters. It has nine branches to produce different types of diamond, cubic boron nitride, grinding wheels, grinding discs, tools and tools. It also has the Guiyang Superhard Abrasive Research Institute, which was originally operated by the Ministry of Machinery and Liusha. The whole factory has more than 300 sets of various production equipments and 50MN double-faced diamond synthetic presses imported from Germany and a complete set of diamond round and row saw production lines for stone cutting.
After more than forty years of hard work, Liusha can only produce very primary diamonds from the beginning to produce all kinds of high, medium and low grade diamond and cubic boron nitride abrasives, diamond polycrystals and composite polycrystals; A small number of cups, bowls, plates and flat grinding wheels processed by the alloys can be used to produce ceramics, glass, ferrite, gemstone, optical glass, insulating materials, silicon materials, etc. in addition to hard alloy processing. Model, a variety of diamond and cubic boron nitride grinding wheels, grinding discs. Moreover, it has also expanded drills and reamer for geological and petroleum exploration; saw blades and grinding discs for stone processing; composite polycrystalline tools for metal cutting; special equipment. There are thousands of users. Some products are also exported abroad.
Liusha is in line with the products, talents, and go out, please come in the strategy, has trained all kinds of senior talents, intermediate talents, technicians and skilled workers. Also trained five batches of talents for the brothers, more than 100 people. He has sent more than ten batches of personnel to study and exchange technology, management and management abroad. There are also dozens of people from Germany, Britain, Russia, Japan and Hong Kong and Taiwan to come to Liusha to exchange and negotiate business.
The purpose of Liusha Construction Plant has always been to implement the spirit of “self-reliance and hard workâ€.
When the 13 first movers came to Guiyang to build Liusha, they borrowed a few pigwood sheds that were not in the abandoned doors and windows of the business school. At night, drizzle rained from the outside to wet the bedding, it is difficult to sleep,... During the day, step on the mud to make measurements, then remove the bedding, and draw a picture on the broken wooden bed. Going to Guiyang to do things, mostly relying on two legs, sometimes luck can take the coal to pull the car, but to Guiyang face is a coal ash, became an "African." Not only they, but most of the old workers in the future have the experience of going back to Liusha from Guiyang. One night in November 1969, a group of seven people walked back to Liusha from Guiyang Hotel, braving the drizzle, walking on the slippery muddy road under their feet, and walked for more than three hours. The top and bottom are soaked, I don't know if it is sweat or rain.
What's more, due to the chaotic social order, the supply of materials is extremely scarce. Don't say that you have eaten meat, sometimes even vegetables are broken. When there was a canteen in the cafeteria, there was no food, and the canteen was filled with salt water and “solid soy sauceâ€. When the staff had a meal, they poured a spoonful of "soup" and they were fed to feed their stomachs.
No matter how bad the environment, how difficult life is, and the chaos of social order, Liusha people always adhere to the spirit of “self-reliance and hard workâ€, working every day for more than ten hours, building their own factories tenaciously for the development of the diamond industry. There is a lot of sweat. Such examples are simply too numerous to list, to name a few.
At the beginning of the production, the power supply line of Liusha is a household branch line with limited load. It often happens that the equipment trips and powers down, which not only affects the production task, but also sudden power failure will cause the top hammer explosion in the synthetic diamond press, increasing the probability of equipment accidents, and greatly increasing the top hammer consumption. To solve the power supply problem, the factory The leaders made bold decisions and decided to build a new 35KV transmission line from Baihua Power Station to the factory. The total length of the line is 10.5KM. In order to save investment as much as possible, the line is built on the continuous mountain. Under the leadership of the deputy director Wang Qingchi, dozens of young and middle-aged workers from various workshops and departments went from 7:30 in the morning to 7:30 in the evening to work, eat at the construction site, and work on the construction site. More than 100 hundred kilograms of weight The cement poles, two towers (23.5M and 18M respectively), 1796 pieces of 25-ton fasteners, were pulled to the top by a man. Digging, burying, pulling, and erecting are all done by them. It took only three months for them to make the 35KV line operate normally, and made due contributions to the production and living security of Liusha.
Liusha people are based on the concept of production while construction. All the bricks and sandstones used for construction are organized by workers to use the spare time to unload the vehicles, and then transport them to the construction site. At that time, we often took production during the day and infrastructure at night. In order to improve the living facilities of employees, the factory leaders organized the whole factory staff to use the spare time and the cadre working hours on Saturday afternoon to build a dual-use hall (canteen, auditorium) with a building area of ​​over 2,000 square meters and thousands of prefabricated parts. Hundreds of thousands of bricks were organized by employees to be carried to the construction site in their spare time and then carried to the designated location. More than two hundred kilograms of prefabricated parts were lifted by four people, stepping on the trembling "ladder", shouting the number, and stepping in order to move up a little bit, a little careless, then something would happen, but it would hurt. Bone, and then he went to Huangquan.
In 1977, the Ministry approved the expansion of Liusha. After the completion of land acquisition, the factory leaders organized the production of employees and leveled the site. The tens of thousands of square meters of factory space were laid flat by the employees themselves. Of course, the conditions have improved at that time. With the bulldozer, the person who opened the machine opened the bulldozer and was no worse than the professional. The cadre work on Saturday was mainly engaged in the work of repairing the flood ditch and repairing the fort, which was more than five years. All high-risk workshops were moved into new plants in 1983. However, between the grinding wheel workshop and the office building, the two piles of muck have not been removed. At the beginning of the new factory leadership, they made a decision to use the three-day holiday of the Spring Festival to organize the middle-level cadres and party members and cadres to work, clear and transport the dregs, and the general employees volunteered to participate. On the first day of the New Year's Day, more than 300 employees came to the labor site. The original tools and vehicles for clearing the muck were not enough. Although the slag was not completely transported in three days, the spirit of self-reliance of Liusha employees was still shining.
There are more examples of self-reliance in production. For example, in April of 69, due to the internal dispatch of the equipment installation, the unloaded equipment was left. Master Shao Jisheng took the initiative to ask the staff to install and debug them themselves. The five original German-made hydraulic presses all met the accuracy requirements under their careful installation and commissioning.
The problem came from the collision. Since the humidity in Guiyang was above 85%, the purchased copper powder was all oxidized and blackened. At that time, there was no reduction equipment, and there was no reducing gas. However, it was urgent to produce a batch of grinding wheels for an optical factory. . So we made a container from the discarded iron can, and used the Qipu generator of the laboratory to make hydrogen as the reducing gas, and finally provided the user with the grinding wheel on time. In this way, only two kilograms of copper powder can be reduced at a time, which is far from meeting the needs of production. Later, we made a gas generator and used aluminum chips to produce hydrogen. The gas volume was greatly increased, and more than ten kilograms of copper powder could be reduced at one time. This device has been used to produce hydrogen gas with an ammonia decomposition furnace.
Liusha's diamond production technology is directly transferred from the laboratory to industrial production, lacking support from production practice. Therefore, many problems were exposed at the beginning of production. To this end, the Liusha people carried out a huge project of process improvement, equipment transformation and technological innovation with full participation in the “Cultural Revolutionâ€. As far as synthetic diamonds are concerned, almost all the road processes have been improved, and the equipment of the platform has been innovated. Moreover, for the process gap, a pyrophyllite grinding machine and a diamond vibration sorting machine have been developed to add a synthetic rod electrolysis process. The manufacture of diamond grinding tools has also been changed from pre-processing to post-processing, adding new equipment such as grinding, grinding, drilling and balancing, which has improved the accuracy of grinding tools by an order of magnitude.
Since the successful trial of diamond and diamond grinding tools in 1969, it was put into production in 1970 and accepted orders from users. I remember that in the 71 years, four diamond abrasives production plants such as Liusha held a user order meeting at Ersha Guest House. The meeting has not yet officially started, the user order form has been privately divided, and the six sands are only distributed in a very small amount and when the fashion does not have the production conditions. I and the other masters represented the six sands. Although they argued and talked to the ministry, they still did not help. However, the Liusha people have not been intimidated. On the contrary, the factory leaders have been motivated to take the way out and invite them to expand their users and open up markets. In the 71 and 72 years, the profits and taxes generated by the sales of the products produced by Liusha were nearly 10 million yuan, equivalent to 146.3% of the national investment of 6.2 million yuan. Beginning in 1973, the diamond industry experienced its first depression, and the diamond produced was pressed in the warehouse, and the orders for grinding tools were becoming less and less. Liusha people are not discouraged. On the contrary, they have gone through the difficulties by visiting users and tracking international developments to develop new products to expand the new uses and new markets of diamond products. The production has just started on the right track, and new problems have emerged. In 1975, due to the surrounding small coal kiln, the gob area was formed under the Liusha workshop. The wall of some factories in the Liusha diamond workshop and the grinding wheel workshop was cracked, the ground subsided, and the equipment could not operate. The Ministry issued instructions to ensure the safety of personnel equipment, and do everything possible to organize self-rescue. The factory leaders organized the whole factory staff to move the six-sided top for synthetic diamonds to the warehouse, automobile warehouse, transformer room and canteen, and still over-complete the production plan.
In 1976, the Ministry approved the expansion of Liusha on the spot, investing 5 million yuan to raise 1 million yuan and loan 4 million yuan. In 1983, a new Liusha was built and put into operation next to the original site. The modern factory building is wide and bright, dozens of six-sided tops are divided into four rows, running day and night; the abrasive workshop also bids farewell to the narrow factory building, moved into the new factory building, and the mechanical tooling workshop has expanded the plant area by five times. More, machine tools have also been added to hundreds of sets.
In 1978, the production scale of Liusha, product output and specifications, process technology, product quality, etc. all reached the industry leading level. The profit and tax paid in the year reached more than 9 million yuan, earning one and a half of the sand in one year.
In 1985, the output of Liusha superhard abrasives reached 2.067 million carats, and various products reached 778,200 carats. By the end of 1985, Liusha had paid a total of 52.114 million yuan in profits and taxes to the country, equivalent to 4.6 times the state's investment in Liusha.
The reform and opening up has brought the diamond industry to a great situation of great development and great leap. The Liusha, which lives in the ravines of Guizhou, has caused a decline in the production and operation of Liusha because of various reasons. Profits have been decreasing year by year, and the market has been eroded and shrunk. By 1994, there was a loss. However, the Liusha people did not fall down, still standing in this ravine, fighting and groping for various ways to get out of the predicament.
Liusha has also achieved great results in terms of technological advancement, scientific research and new product development, and improvement of product quality.
In the initial stage of production, technical innovations and equipment renovations were carried out for problems in process technology and equipment, making diamond synthesis technology more suitable for industrial production.
After the production is stable, we will focus on the needs of the market and users, and take the lead in the development of new processes, new materials and new products and new equipment. According to incomplete statistics, more than 200 technical progress projects have been completed. Among them, 19 scientific research and new products won the provincial technical progress award.
At the beginning of production, the diamond produced has almost no complete crystal form, and the color is green with black. The compressive strength of 80 mesh is only 1.8 kg. After several large process improvements, the 80 mesh compressive strength after selection in 1977 is 6 kg. Above, there is a considerable proportion of the complete crystal form, the color has been yellow-green. In 1982, the type 5 diamond was successfully developed, and the compressive strength of 60 mesh reached more than 13 kg. The achievement won the second prize of the Ministry of Science and Technology Achievements. In order to meet the needs of geology and petroleum development and exploration, columnar polycrystalline and triangular polycrystals have been developed.
In 1982 and 1984, diamond composite polycrystalline and cubic boron nitride composite polycrystals were successively developed, and the achievement won the first prize of the Ministry of Science and Technology Progress.
In 1979, the tube project was finished with metal-coated diamond, and then expanded to metal-coated cubic boron nitride and diamond polycrystal. The project won the third prize for scientific and technological achievements. Metal-coated superabrasives increase the durability of resin bond abrasives by 30% to 100%.
In 1972, the grinding wheel workshop completed the innovation of the insert saw blade forming process, sintering technology and leveling technology, which made the saw blade quality leap to a new level.
In 1974, a super-hard abrasive coreless grinding wheel with a diameter of 500 mm and a thickness of 200 mm was successfully developed in Liusha.
In 1975, Liusha completed the three-piece combination and five-piece combination diamond edging wheel for optical processing, which contributed to the automation of optical lens processing. Subsequently, the edging wheel of two kinds of spectacle lenses was completed.
In 1978, Liusha developed a diamond sand tile and grinding disc for processing magnetic materials, expanding the application field of diamond. In particular, the diamond grinding disc for double-face grinding magnetic steel with ∮750 mm multi-ring and one-time pressing forming structure has a quality exceeding the Japanese level, which not only contributes to the localization of the grinding tool, but more importantly finds a market for the depressed grinding machine industry. New way. Liusha's diamond grinding disc for magnetic material processing has been matched with Jackie Chan, and there are more than ten specifications for processing different magnetic materials.
In 1985, the series of diamond abrasives for grinding soft ferrites was successfully developed, adding new weapons to the processing of magnetic materials. The project won the third prize of provincial scientific and technological progress.
In 1974, the development of geological drills and electroplating reamer was completed. In 1980, the work of high-voltage electric porcelain cutting saw blades, insulating material cutting saw blades and stone cutting saw blades was completed, and a saw blade workshop was established. In 1985, foreign advanced sets were introduced. Saw blade production equipment. Subsequently, a diamond band saw (metal bond and electroplating bond) for graphite electrode cutting was developed. Electroplating bond diamond bead wire saw has been successfully developed for stone opening and profile cutting.
In 1994, it completed the national key scientific and technological research project “CBN Grinding Wheel for CNC Coordinate Grinding Machine†issued by the Ministry of Machinery Industry, which solved the problem of localization of CBN grinding wheel for CNC coordinate grinding machine for machining, electronics, machine tools and molds. Product performance technical indicators and processing accuracy have reached the level of imported similar products. The project won the second prize of Guiyang Science and Technology Progress Award in 1996.
In 2000, the company developed a special diamond series grinding wheel for the grinding ring of the steel industry. The outer diameter is ∮200～∮400mm, and the outer circular arc is R3～R30mm. The product quality exceeds the Japanese level, which not only solves the localization of the grinding wheel, but also the steel. The industry has made a contribution. The project won the Guiyang Excellent New Product Award in 2001.
In 2005, it developed a special series of diamond grinding wheels for glass edging in the glass, automotive, construction, decoration, electronics and other industries. The quality of these products has reached the level of import and is widely used in various fields of glass deep processing. The project won the third prize of Guiyang Excellent New Product in 2006.
In 2004, the double-end CBN grinding wheel for grinding 501 steel was successfully developed and won the third prize of excellent new products of Guiyang. In 2005, the grinding of NdFeB was successfully developed with ∮632mm double-end diamond grinding wheel, and won the excellent new product of Guiyang. In 2006, the research on grinding 550mm diamond grinding wheel for the type II road plate of high-speed railway was successfully researched. The indicators of this kind of products meet or exceed the level of similar products in Germany and contribute to the construction of high-speed railway.
The diamond coreless grinding wheel, the insert cutting saw blade and the optical edging grinding wheel produced by Liusha, W0.5~W5 diamond micro powder have always been the provincial high quality products, and the micro powder has also won the silver prize.
Liusha also represented the industry in drafting, formulating and revising 15 industry standards, and won 9 awards, 3 of which won the third prize of the Ministry of Science and Technology Progress, and one of which won the fourth prize of the provincial scientific and technological progress, in line with the products and talents. The purpose, Liusha has trained a large number of professional and technical management, middle and senior talents, including 26 senior talents and more than 80 intermediate titles. Some of these talents have already retired, and some still devote their wisdom and youth to their posts. There are also a large number of middle and senior talents who take advantage of the reform and opening up, take the door to the factory, and start their own businesses in Guangdong, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Henan, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shandong and other provinces and cities have worked hard to create a new world. Many of them are returning to Liusha when they visit the relatives. They always say: "Without six sands, there is no mine today. It is Liusha. My success today." Whether it is a guest or a word from the heart. This is indeed a fact that cannot be erased.
Today's Liusha, although its position and role in the industry has not been the same, the leaders and employees of Liusha have the confidence, determination and ability to do well in Liusha. In particular, in order to further promote the sound and rapid development of Guizhou's economy and society, the State Council issued the "Several Opinions of the State Council on Further Promoting the Sound and Rapid Development of Guizhou's Economy and Society" on January 20, 2012 (Guo Fa [2012] No. 2 Document ), will accelerate the economic development of Guizhou. Under the guidance of the spirit of this document, we will speed up the reform of the institutional mechanism of Liusha, unloading the burden, lightly loading the battle, and participating in market competition.
In accordance with the requirements of the 12th Five-Year Development Plan of Guiyang City, the new abrasive material industrial park in Guiyang City will be built, and Liusha will be moved into the park as a whole. It will invest 1.5 billion yuan to renovate Liusha, relocate the whole plant, and transform the technical equipment. The introduction of technology, the introduction of talents, etc., vigorously develop superhard materials and their products industry. Leveraging the policy of Guofa [2012] Document No. 2, firmly grasping the opportunity of the strategy of developing the western region, giving full play to the advantages of Guizhou's power resources, human resources, scientific research and development, Liusha brand and talents, and revitalizing the new grinding The material is the main abrasive material industry for the main body and other related industries.
Follow the spirit of "scientific development, catch up with catching up", aim at the international market, aim at imported products, aim at automobiles, high-end equipment, tool and die processing, electronic information, oil exploration and mining, mining, medium carbon mining, building materials processing As well as photovoltaics and other industries, looking for new breakthroughs in the application of super-hard materials and their products, coupled with the hard work of the six sand people, will regain their glory and create greater glories.
Author brief introduction Xu Xiangtao, male, born in April 1940. He graduated from the Chemical Engineering Department of Tianjin University in January 1965. In April 1969, the second wheel factory was supported by the second wheel factory to transfer to the sixth wheel factory. Has been engaged in the technical work of superhard materials. He used to be the chief engineer and deputy director of the sixth grinding wheel factory. Senior engineer title, retired in October 1997.
Abstract The sixth grinding wheel factory is a new project in the national plan during the “Four-Five†period. The second grinding wheel factory (Zhengzhou) of the former First Ministry of Machinery Industry was responsible for the construction of the Baojian package. Construction began in 1966 and was completed and put into production in 1970. The factory is located 16 kilometers west of Guiyang...
The sixth grinding wheel factory is a new project in the national plan during the “Four-Five†period. The second grinding wheel factory (Zhengzhou) of the former First Ministry of Machinery Industry was responsible for the construction of the Baojian package. Construction began in 1966 and was completed and put into production in 1970.